Substances and mixtures, lessons 4,6-10

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

What is the particle theory?

A theory stating that all matter is made of particles, which are in constant motion, are identical within a substance, behave differently with heat, have space between them, and are attracted to each other.

Who discovered particle theory and when?

[This fact was not provided in the notes, so students may need to research this separately.]

What is a pure substance?

Identical particles and atoms throughout, which can be an element or a compound.

What distinguishes a mixture from a pure substance?

A mixture contains two or more kinds of substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated through physical or chemical methods.

What is a homogeneous mixture?

A mixture that is the same throughout and cannot be separated physically, with indistinguishable parts, like tea or juice.

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

A mixture where the components are very distinguishable and can be physically separated, like trail mix, pizza, or salad.

What is a solvent?

The part of the solution that dissolves the other components and makes up the largest part of the solution; the universal solvent is water.

What is a solute?

The substance that is being dissolved into the solvent, making up the smaller portion of the solution.

What is the formula for a solution?

Solute + Solvent = Solution.

What does solubility refer to?

The ability for a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

What does insoluble mean?

If a solute does not dissolve in a solvent, it is called insoluble.

Matter

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

Particle

Small tiny groups of atoms too tiny to be seen by the human eye.

Particle Theory

All matter is made of particles that are in constant motion, identical within a substance and behave differently with added or subtracted heat.

Solvent

The part of the solution that dissolves the other components, making up the largest part of the solution; the universal solvent is water.

Solute

What is being dissolved into the solvent, making up the smaller portion of the solution.

Solubility

The ability for a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

What are particles?

Small tiny groups of atoms too tiny to be seen by the human eye.

What does the particle theory state?

All matter is made of particles, which are in constant motion, identical for each substance, and behavior changes with temperature.

What is a pure substance?

Identical particles and atoms throughout, can be an element or a compound.

What is a mixture?

Two or more kinds of substances that are not chemically bonded and can be separated by physical or chemical methods.

What is a solvent?

The part of the solution that dissolves the other components, making up the largest part of the solution; the universal solvent is water.

What is a solute?

What is being dissolved into the solvent, making up the smaller portion of a solution.

What is solubility?

The ability for a solute to dissolve in a solvent.

What does 'insoluble' mean?

If a solute does not dissolve in a solvent.

What is qualitative analysis?

Descriptive analysis involving texture, colour, or appearance.

What is quantitative analysis?

Measurement of characteristics using numbers.