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Three Part Division of Memory Processes
Memory is divided into encoding, storage, and retrieval processes.
Multi Store Model of Memory
Proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, it includes sensory registers, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM).
Limitations of the Multi Store Model
Oversimplified model assuming unitary stores for STM and LTM, and equal status of items in STM.
Working Memory Model
Proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974, it views STM as a system for temporary storage and manipulation of information.
Levels of Processing Theory
Craik & Lockhart's theory suggests that the depth of processing during encoding affects memorability.
Memory Processes
Encoding:Involves organization and the use of mnemonics for effective memory formation.
Memory Processes
Retrieval:Retrieval cues like environmental context can aid in accessing memories.
Encoding Specificity Principle
Recall is best when the retrieval context matches the encoding context.
Forgetting
Decay of memories over time or interference from new/old information can lead to forgetting.
Retroactive and Proactive Interference
New or old information can disrupt memory recall, contributing to forgetting.
