Genetic Engineering

study starred terms for exam

explain the steps of animal cloning

1. Finn- Dorset donates somatic cell nucleus

2. Scottish Blackface donates egg cell (oocyte)

3. extract nucleus from oocyte

4. donor nucleus fuses w oocyte

   • undergoes mitosis to multiply into blastocyst

5. blastocyst implanted into third Scottish Blackface’s uterus

6. embryo develops

biotechnology

use of organisms to make useful products

genetic engineering

intentional production of new genes and alteration of genomes by substitution/introduction of new genetic material

recombinant DNA technology

combines genes from diff sources into single DNA molecule

plasmid

• small circular DNA molecule in bacteria

• separate from larger bacterial chromosome

how do bacteria share genes

pass copies of plasmid

steps of producing genetically engineering bacterial cell

1. desired gene from donor cell identified

2. gene inserted into plasmid

3. recombinant plasmid put into a bacterial cell

restriction enzyme/endonuclease

specific protein that can cut up a plasmid’s DNA

how are recombinant enzymes used in recombinant DNA

cut out regions of desired DNA from one organism and insert that into plasmids that have been cut with the same recombinant enzyme

ligase

creates chemical bonds between inserted DNA and that of plasmid

what do you do with the recombinant plasmid after

insert it into bacteria cells for it to multiply exponentially

what do we need to create recombinant DNA

Plasmid DNA/host DNA/vector, Target DNA/DNA of interest/donor DNA, Restriction Enzymes, Ligase