APUSH 3.10,3.11,3.12

Simple National Bank

A government-backed financial institution aimed at stabilizing the economy by regulating currency and providing loans.

Supreme Court

The highest court in the U.S. with ultimate authority in interpreting federal law and the Constitution.

Judiciary Act of 1789

A law that established the federal judiciary system, including the Supreme Court and defined their jurisdiction and powers.

Federalist Party

A political party advocating for a strong central government and close ties with Britain, founded in the 1790s.

Democratic-Republican Party

A political party founded by Jefferson and Madison opposing the Federalists, advocating for states' rights and strict constitutional interpretation.

Jay’s Treaty

A 1794 agreement with Britain aimed at resolving tensions from the Revolutionary War, including trade and military presence issues.

Pinckney’s Treaty

A 1795 treaty with Spain establishing friendly relations and defining U.S.-Spanish territorial boundaries.

Neutrality Proclamation

A statement by President Washington in 1793 declaring U.S. neutrality in the conflict between France and Britain.

Washington’s Farewell Address

A letter advising against political parties and foreign alliances, emphasizing national unity.

XYZ Affair

A 1797 diplomatic incident involving French agents demanding bribes from American diplomats, leading to increased anti-French sentiment.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed in 1798 restricting immigration and limiting free speech, targeting critics of the Federalist government.

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Statements asserting states' rights to nullify federal laws deemed unconstitutional, in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Public Land Act of 1793

Legislation facilitating the sale of public land in the Northwest Territory to encourage settlement.

Whiskey Rebellion

A 1794 uprising against a federal excise tax on whiskey, demonstrating the strength of the new government.

Charles Wilson Peale

An American painter known for portraits of prominent figures and for founding the Peale Museum.

Pierre-Charles L’Enfant

A French architect known for designing the layout of Washington, D.C.

Gilbert Stuart

An American painter famous for his portraits of George Washington, including the unfinished portrait for the one-dollar bill.

Battle of Fallen Timbers

A 1794 battle leading to the Treaty of Greenville and the expansion of U.S. territory.

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Legislation establishing governance for the Northwest Territory and promoting education and anti-slavery measures.

Indian Intercourse Act

Laws regulating trade and interactions between Native Americans and non-Indians to maintain peace.

Eli Whitney

An American inventor known for inventing the cotton gin, impacting cotton processing and slavery.

Cotton Gin

A device invented by Eli Whitney in 1793 that revolutionized the cotton industry by separating fibers from seeds.

Slave Trade (Constitutional issue… 1808)

A constitutional compromise allowing the importation of enslaved people until 1808, influencing early American politics.