phys 7

heat capacity

The heat required to raise the temperature of a body by one degree is called ? .

calorie

The heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree is one ? .

heat of fusion

The amount of heat that must be supplied to melt a unit mass of a substance at its melting point is called the substance's ? .

two times

For a given solid, the coefficient of area expansion is ? the coefficient of linear expansion.

zeroth

The ? law of thermodynamics is our basis for measuring temperature.

condensation

Which process occurs when a substance goes from the gaseous to the liquid state?

heat flow

What is defined as the amount of heat transferred from one end of a solid to the other per unit of time?

radiation

Which method of heat transfer does not require a medium?

conduction

Which method of heat transfer occurs due to direct contact?

vacuum

What is the best thermal insulator?

BTU

The unit of heat in the U.S. customary system is called the ? .

thermometry

The process of measuring temperature is called ? .

temperature

At the boiling or melting point of a substance, a substance can absorb or give off heat respectively without changing its ? .

heat

The transfer of thermal energy caused by a difference between the initial internal energies of two bodies is called ? .

4.184 Joules

One calorie is approximately ? joules.

thermodynamics

The study of the relationship between heat and work is called ? .

isolated

A system sealed off from any energy exchange with its surroundings is called a(n) ? system.

adiabatic

A process in which no heat enters or leaves a system while the system's internal energy changes is called a(n) ? process.

work

A transfer of energy caused by a force operating over a distance is called ? .

isothermal

A(n) ? process absorbs or releases heat without changing the temperature of the system.

irreversible

A(n) ? process has occurred when both the initial and final equilibrium states of the system are known, but the path the system took is not known.

entropy

The concept of ? results from the second law of thermodynamics.

triple point

The point at which a substance can exist in all three states of matter at the same time

Internal energy

The ________________ of a system may be defined as the total molecular energy content of a physical system.

endothermic

When a substance melts, it undergoes an __________ process.

convection

The transfer of heat by moving material is called _______________.

thermal

The ability of a material to conduct heat is called the material's ____________ conductivity.

calorimetry

The science of _____________ uses a calorimeter to measure the equilibrium temperature of a mixture.

Kelvin

Zero __________ is the lowest theoretically attainable temperature.

greater

In an isolated system, the direction of spontaneous change is always toward __________ entropy.

one thousand

One kilocalorie equals _____________ calorie(s)

Caloric

_____________ was an imaginary liquid used to explain how heat transferred from one body to another.

specific heat

The heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass by one degree is called ___________________

Heat

__________________ flows spontaneously from hot to cold objects.

mechanical equivalent

The amount of work equal to a unit of heat is called the ___________________________________ of heat.

Internal Energy = Q - W

The First Law of Thermodynamics

PV = nRT

Which equation represents the ideal gas law?

Change in S = Q/T

Change of entropy in a system

When no heat is exchanged between the two bodies

When is any system of bodies at thermal equilibrium?