Sports Facility and Event Management Final Exam

Feasibility Study

An assessment of the practicality and viability of a proposed project or event, including market research, financial analysis, and risk evaluation.

What do we want in a feasibility study?

High user value, Low effort from organization

Aspects of a Feasibility Study

Markering Assessment

Economic Assessment

Technical Assessment ‘

Organization and Management Assessment

Socio-cultural Assessment

What is included in a Marketing Assessment?

Objective of the event

Product Identification

Identify the Segment and Target

Demand (Needs), Supply, Price, and Competition

Marketing Cost

What is included in financial assessment?

Projected Income

Cash Flow

ROI

What is included in technical assessment?

Identifcation of Specific Technical Requirements (Machines)

Technical Costs

What is included in organization and management assessment?

Identify organization and management requirement

Organizational cost

What is included in socio-cultural assessment?

Identify social-cultural (economic) contributions

Answer the questions of why

IF Matrix

is a tool used to evaluate and prioritize various factors in a project, assessing their impact and importance in decision-making processes.

What is marketing?

Marketing involves promoting and selling products or services to meet the needs of customers. It includes market research, advertising, and distribution strategies.

Phase One of Developing a Marketing Plan

Vision, Mission, Objective

Phase Two of Developing a Marketing Plan

Situational Analysis, MDCC, AS-IS, SWOT

Phase Three of Developing a Marketing Plan

Segmentation, Targeting, Positioning (STP)

Phase 4 of Developing a Marketing Plan

Market Promotion

Phase 5 of Developing a Marketing Plan

Financials

Phase 6 of Developing a Marketing Plan

Timeline

What is the Golden Circle?

The framework for setting (refining) goal and strategy

What does PESTEL stand for?

Political, Economic, Social, Technology, Environment, Legal

What are the 4Ps?

Product, Price, Promotion, Place

What are the 7Ps?

Product, Price, Promotion, Place, People, Process, Physical Evidence

What of the SWOT Analysis are ‘As-Is’?

Strength, Weakness

What of the SWOT Analysis are MDCC?

Opportunity & Threat

What is Positioning?

Positioning shapes the marketing mic, particularly =, communication strategies including advertising, promotions, and publicity

What is a marketing key performance indicator?

refers to measurable values that help organizations assess the effectiveness of their marketing strategies and campaigns

What are the Marketing Key Performance Indicators?

Conversion Rate, Engagement, Sales, Attitude change, Brand awareness, ROI, Customer Acquisition, Lead Generation

Laissez Faire Ball Parks are… (1900s-1920s)

privately funded, hosting a team, minimal consideration for community impact & ancillary development

Keynesian Super Stadiums have… (1930s-1980s)

government intervention, public amenities, minimal consideration with aesthetics and integration with surroundings

Neoliberal postmodern stadium (1990s-2000s)

urban entertainment, catalyst for economic revitalization consideration (design uniqueness, local aesthetics) …. but many fail due to significant ancillary development

Key Characteristics of Venue-focused real estate development

venue as anchor, mixed-use development, integrated design, team/owner involvement

What is the reason behind venue-focused real estate development trend?

Revenue Diversification, Franchise Value Enhancement, Enhance Fan Experience, Economic Development Catalyst

What is a Case Study?

A research method that involves an in-depth analysis of a specific individual, group, organization, event, or situation. It provides a comprehensive examination of the subject matter within its real-life context

Steps of a case study

1. Understanding the case

2. Define objective

3. preliminary research

4. Develop framework

Types of Sport Facilities

Arenas, Stadiums, Racetracks, Golf Courses, Swimming Pools, Fitness Centers, Parks

What is sport facility management?

The art and science of managing a facility to help meet the facility’s objectives, goals, and mission

Facility Managers are…

people who perform the task/duties

stakeholder

a person or group that has an investment, share, or interest in something, as

What are the key areas of administration?

financial management, contract management, HR management, establishment and enforcement

What is sport facility administration?

managing the processes to produce and distribute the products and services offered through a facility

What is the first known sport complex and was initially a temple?

Olympic Stadium, built in 330 B.C.

How many spectators can the Olympic Stadium hold?

50,000

What is the coliseum?

The Flavian amphitheater, religious events, gladiator, mock battles and races

What was a method of training for sporting events?

sports

What are considered folksy type of activities between towns?

hunting, falconry, archery, running, wrestling, jousting

When was the first paid baseball game?

1858- Brooklyn & New York

What are some similarities between ancient and modern times?

1. controlling and moving large numbers of people

2. Managing rowdy or violent crowds

3. Maintaining flexibility in multi-use venues

4. Providing security and protection for vips

5. Controlling the types of petty crime inherent with large gatherings

6. keeping facilities clean and operational

What are some differences between ancient to modern times?

1. Providing amenities for the media

2. Selling advertising space and naming rights

3. using heating and ventilation and air conditioning

4. modern parking concerns for thousands of cars and buses

5. complying with environmental, zoning, accessibility, and other legal issues

What is sustainability?

An approach to protecting the environment

What is LEED?

Leadership/Leading in energy and environment design (LEED) building certification… adheres to the U.S. Green Building Council Building Standard

What was the first sport facility to be named at LEED platinum?

Mercedes-Benz Stadium

Facilities must have _ procedures to combat violence and terrorism?

Preventative and Reactive

What is DIM?

Developing the risk management plan

Implementing the plan

Managing the process

Event managers work with what two main resources?

Time and money

What is an event budget?

a numeric form that puts the event plan in action, budgetary items and how to account for the revenue, expenses, and profit

Event budget should be based on…

how much was spent on previous or similar events

marketing projections

expected return on investment

type of financing used for the event

expected financial recovery

What is the primary goal of an event budget?

cost control, maximizing roi, track revenue and expense, achieve financial goal, mitigate risk

Fixed cost/contribution margin =

Break-even point (BEP)

Hosted Events try to have…

Event budget be less than total cost of production

Revenue events are designed to have…

revenues be greater than the total cost of production plus target profit

What are fixed costs?

Expenses that do not change regardless of the level of activity or production.

What are variable costs?

Expenses that change in direct proportion to the level of activity or production.

(Variable Cost Per Participant)x(Number of Participants)+Fixed Cost =

Event Expense

Variable Cost Percentage = Total variable cost/Total revenues

Total variable cost/Total revenues

What is a Gantt chart?

A visual tool for project scheduling, showing tasks and their timelines.

What is Groupthink?

the tendency for groups to think in harmony

What is a Risk Matrix?

a widely used risk management tool that helps organizations identify, assess, and prioritize risks. involves plotting risks on a two-dimensional grid, where one axis represents the likelihood or probability of a risk occurring (e.g., low, medium, high), and the other axis represents the impact or consequence if the risk does occur (e.g., minor, moderate, severe).

Slacktivism

Referring to the actions performed in support of social or political cause but requiring little effort or commitment

How many mega watts does Liberia use with a population of 5,506,280?

100 megawatts a day

How many megawatts does a stadium use in 4 hours?

10

How many megawatts does Metlife use per game?

60 tons of waste, 17 megawatts of energy consumption

What is negligence?

Failure to exercise reasonable care, causing harm to another.

What is the Goldman V. Young Israel Case?

What is the Herman v. Lifeplex Case

the court addressed the issue of whether a plaintiff could establish a lack of constructive noticeof a dangerous condition on a property based solely on general cleaning practices, or if specific evidence of cleaning and inspection was required.

What is the cann v. stefanec case?

involves a negligence claim arising from an injury during a university swim team workout. Scarlet Cann, a member of the UCLA swim team, was injured when a weight bar, dropped by her teammate Annie Stefanec, rolled and struck Cann's head.

Gomez v. Bakersfield Unified School District

a class-action lawsuit concerning the education of Spanish-speaking students with limited English proficiency in Illinois public schools.

Welch v. Sudbury Youth Soccer Association

Welch commenced a negligence action against the associations, alleging that they owed him a duty to maintain the goal posts in a safe and secure condition while he participated in their soccer program, and to warn him of the danger that existed if the goal posts were not properly anchored to the ground.

What is the IRAC format?

Issue, Rule of Law, Analysis, Conclusion

What is the best practices to avoid negligence?

Preventative maintenance

Scheduled and recorded housekeeping

Certification of staff

Routine needs assessments

Virginia does not enforce…

waivers