Chapter 24: World War II

President Franklin D Roosevelt

and his administration had encouraged all able- bodied American women to help the war effort.

Emperor Hirohito

announced the surrender of Japan on August 15.

President Roosevelt

On February 19, 1942, signed Executive Order 9066, authorizing the removal of any persons from designated "exclusion zones- "which ultimately covered nearly a third of the country- at the discretion of military commanders.

Pearl Harbor

On the morning of December 7, 1941, the Japanese launched a surprise attack on the American naval base at , Hawaii.

American Red Cross

The , the largest charitable organization in the nation, encouraged women to volunteer with local city chapters.

Hiroshima

was hit on August 6th and Nagasaki followed on August 9th.

Double V campaign

The called on African Americans to fight two wars: the war against Nazism and fascism abroad and the war against racial inequality at home.

Roosevelt administration

The urged citizens to save their earnings or buy war bonds to prevent inflation.

Hitler

In March 1939, took the rest of Czechoslovakia and began to make demands on Poland.

Americans

successfully exploded the worlds first nuclear device, Trinity, in New Mexico in July 1945.

US Congress

In 1938 and 1939, the debated the Wagner- Rogers Bill, an act to allow twenty thousand German- Jewish children into the United States.

World War II

During , the Air Force was still a branch of the U.S. Army, and soldiers served in the ground and air crews.

Coral Sea

In the summer of 1942, American naval victories at the Battle of the and the aircraft carrier duel at the Battle of Midway crippled Japans Pacific naval operations.

multibillion dollar

Bill was a multifaceted, entitlement program that rewarded honorably discharged veterans with numerous benefits.

German Wehrmacht

The European war began when the invaded Poland on September 1, 1939.

German doctrine

emphasized the use of tanks, planes, and motorized infantry to concentrate forces, smash front lines, and wreak havoc behind the enemys defenses.

D Day

, as it became popularly known, was the largest amphibious assault in history.

German Luftwaffe

The fought the Royal Air Force (RAF) for control of the skies.

Japanese attack

In early 1941, months before the on Pearl Harbor, A. Philip Randolph, president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the largest Black trade union in the nation, made headlines by threatening President Roosevelt with a march on Washington, D.C.

Veterans Administration

The (VA) paid the lions share of educational expenses, including tuition, fees, supplies, and even stipends for living expenses.

Germany

In 1938, annexed Austria and set its sights on the Sudetenland, a large, ethnically German area of Czechoslovakia.

Federal Bureau of Investigation

The (FBI) targeted many on suspicions of disloyalty for detainment, hearings, and possible internment under the Alien Enemy Act.

Industrial labor

, an occupational sphere dominated by men, shifted in part to women for the duration of wartime mobilization.

Hitler

signed a secret agreement- the Molotov- Ribbentrop Pact- with the Soviet Union that coordinated the splitting of Poland between the two powers and promised nonaggression thereafter.

World War II

saw the institutionalization of massive bombing campaigns against cities and industrial production.

Hitler

repudiated the punitive damages and strict military limitations of the Treaty of Versailles, rebuilt the German military and navy, and reoccupied regions lost during the war.

To dislodge Japans hold over the Pacific, the U.S. military began island hopping

attacking island after island, bypassing the strongest but seizing those capable of holding airfields to continue pushing Japan out of the region

The Double V campaign called on African Americans to fight two wars

the war against Nazism and fascism abroad and the war against racial inequality at home

Manchurian Incident

The was a skirmish between the Chinese and Japanese which ended with all of Manchuria firmly under Japanese control

Stimson Doctrine

The ___ was the US' declaration to refuse to recognize any state established as a result of Japanese aggression

The National Socialists (Nazis)

What political group took control of Germany after the Republic collapsed?

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

The _ was a secret agreement with the Soviet Union that coordinated the splitting of Poland between the two powers and promised nonaggression thereafter

Blitzkreig

_ was a battle tactic in which Germans used tanks, planes, and motorized infantry to concentrate forces, smash front lines, and wreak havoc behind the enemy’s defenses

Blitz

The ___ was a German bombing captain against cities and civilians in Britain

The attack on Pearl Harbor

What attack caused the US to join WW2?

Island hopping

was a US military tactic in which they attacked island after island, bypassing the strongest but seizing those capable of holding airfields to continue pushing Japan out of the region

Manhattan Project

The program responsible for developing atomic bombs during World War II

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

What two Japanese cities were hit by atomic bombs?

War Production Board and Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion

The ____ managed economic production for the war effort

Executive Order 9066

authorizing the removal of any persons from designated “exclusion zones” at the discretion of military commanders, most of whom were of Japanese descent

Alien Enemy Acr

The _ allowed the FBI to target people suspicions of disloyalty for detainment, hearings, and possible internment

Warner-Rogers Bill

The _ was an act that allowed twenty thousand German-Jewish children refuge in the United States that was eventually defeated

The United States, Britain, the Soviet Union, and China

Who were the Four Policement?

Freedom of speech, of worship, from want, and from fear

What were Roosevelt's Four Freedoms?