psych lec 3- part 1-2025-02-04T02:06:45

What is the main focus of the guided article review assignments?

The assignments require students to paraphrase and demonstrate understanding of the articles read.

What happens if a student's assignment is flagged by Turnitin?

It indicates potential plagiarism due to excessive copying from the sources.

What is the absolute threshold in sensation?

The smallest amount of stimulus needed to detect its presence 50% of the time.

What is the key difference between sensation and perception?

Sensation is the raw data from sensory input, while perception is the interpretation of that data.

What are the two types of processing involved in perception?

Top-down processing and bottom-up processing.

What are rods and cones in the retina responsible for?

Rods are responsible for night vision, while cones are responsible for color and fine detail vision.

What characterizes myopia?

Nearsightedness where distant objects appear blurry because light is focused in front of the retina.

What is the role of the fovea in vision?

The fovea is the central part of the retina where visual acuity is highest due to the dense concentration of cones.

What is the cocktail party effect?

The ability to focus on a specific conversation in a noisy environment.

What is the process of transduction in sensation?

The conversion of stimulus energy into neural impulses by sensory receptors.

What is sensory adaptation?

The reduced sensitivity to a stimulus after prolonged exposure.

What are monosynaptic cues in depth perception?

Cues such as relative size, texture gradient, and interposition that only require one eye for depth perception.

What is the definition of habituation?

A perceptual process where the brain reduces its response to repeated stimuli.

How do feature detectors in the brain function?

They respond to specific types of sensory information, like shapes or movements.

What does the opponent-process theory explain?

Color perception based on opposing color systems: red-green, blue-yellow, and black-white.

What is retinal disparity?

The difference between the images received by the left and right eyes, which helps determine depth.

What is the significance of the optic nerve?

It carries visual information from the retina to the brain, but has no photoreceptors creating a blind spot.

How does the lens of the eye change when focusing on close objects?

The lens bulges due to contraction of the ciliary muscles to allow for better focus.

Why do we not notice our blind spots?

Because our two eyes provide slightly different perspectives, and our brain fills in the missing information.

What are the basic processes of perception according to gestalt psychology?

Selection, organization, and interpretation of sensory input.

What is the role of light and shadow in depth perception?

Shadows give information about the object's distance from the viewer.

What is sensory reduction?

Filtering and analyzing incoming sensations before sending them to the brain.

What are the three principles of perceptual organization identified by gestalt psychologists?

Figure-ground, proximity, and similarity.