APUSH Chapter 30

Counterculture

Counterculture

Young people in the late 1960s attempted to develop new cultural values based on personal freedom, distrust of authority, community, and environmental awareness.

American Indian Movement (AIM)

Formed in 1967 to protest federal policy towards Native Americans, AIM seized Alcatraz Island, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and Wounded Knee to highlight issues.

Stonewall Riots

Sparked in 1969 at the Stonewall Inn, these riots marked a turning point in the LGBTQ+ rights movement in the US.

Roe v Wade

A 1973 Supreme Court ruling that legalized abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy and allowed states to ban it in the last trimester.

Equal Rights Amendment

Proposed in 1972 to ban gender discrimination, it failed to be ratified by enough states by 1982.

Nixon's Southern Strategy

Nixon's approach to appeal to conservative voters by slowing civil rights progress and criticizing the Left.

Dixiecrats

Right-wing Democratic group supporting segregation and opposing the Civil Rights Movement.

New Federalism

Nixon's policy of providing block grants to states to address social issues.

Stagflation

Economic condition of slow growth and high inflation during Nixon's presidency, exacerbated by the OPEC Crisis in 1973.

Apollo-Soyuz Test Project

The first international space flight in 1975, where an Apollo spacecraft docked with a Soyuz aircraft, laying the foundation for the International Space Station and marking a joint-space test between the US and USSR.

Mỹ Lai Massacre

Occurred in 1968 in Vietnam, where US soldiers killed about 400 civilians, leading to reduced public support for the war and the conviction of Lt. William Calley for murder.

Pentagon Papers

A 7,000-page secret history of the Vietnam War leaked by Daniel Ellsberg in 1971, revealing government deception and weakening public support for the war.

War Powers Act

Passed in 1973 to limit presidential power in waging war, requiring troop withdrawal within 60 days without congressional authorization.

Paris Peace Accords

Ended the Vietnam War in 1973, removing US military presence and releasing POWs, leading to a cease-fire and an election to determine Vietnam's future control.

Watergate Scandal

Illegal activities surrounding Nixon's presidency, including the burglary of the Democratic National Committee headquarters, leading to Nixon's resignation and the uncovering of the cover-up.

Executive Privilege

Doctrine allowing the president to refuse Congressional requests, ruled valid but not applicable in criminal investigations in US v. Nixon.

Ford Pardons Nixon

President Ford's 1974 pardon of Nixon for crimes related to Watergate, unpopular among Americans and contributing to Ford's electoral loss in 1976.

Camp David Accords

Negotiated by Carter in 1978, leading to Israel's return of land to Egypt and Egypt's recognition of Israel's borders, aiming to reduce tensions in the Middle East.