Introduction to Scientific Literacy and Critical Thinking

These flashcards cover key concepts and terms from the lecture on scientific literacy and critical thinking.

What are the key elements of scientific literacy according to the lecture?

Understanding theories and hypotheses, critical thinking, questioning information, and evaluating sources for bias.

What does critical thinking entail in a scientific context?

Being curious, asking questions, and being skeptical about accepting information without examination.

What is the importance of understanding biases in scientific literacy?

To distinguish between trustworthy sources and those influenced by financial motives.

What does the scientific method involve according to the lecture?

Using a systematic approach to resolve questions and test hypotheses.

Why is tolerance of ambiguity important in psychology?

Because psychological questions can be complex and answers may not be immediate or clear.

What is the principle of parsimony?

The idea that when given two explanations for an observation, the simpler one should be preferred.

How does the lecture differentiate between scientific thinking and conspiracy thinking?

Scientists tolerate ambiguity and seek evidence, while conspiracy theorists jump to conclusions without sufficient proof.

What phenomenon occurs during sleep that can lead to hallucinations?

Sleep paralysis, where the body's motor functions are inhibited, can cause confusing experiences when one is aware but cannot move.

How does suggestibility relate to reports of paranormal activities?

People may be influenced by cultural narratives (e.g., movies) and create false memories or experiences based on those suggestions.

What should one demand when faced with extraordinary claims?

Extraordinary evidence to support such claims, as simpler and more plausible explanations often exist.