Studied by 20 people
Distance
the total length of the path traveled by an object; a scalar quantity
Displacement
the change in position of an object from its initial position to its final position; a vector quantity
Scalar Quantities
physical quantities that have only magnitude and no direction
Vector Quantities
physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction
Position
the location of an object relative to a chosen reference point
The difference between speed and velocity
speed is a scalar quantity that refers to how fast an object is moving, velocity is a vector quantity that refers to the rate at which an object changes its position
Acceleration
the rate of change of velocity with respect to time; a vector quantity
Uniform Acceleration
when an object's acceleration is constant over time
Non-uniform Acceleration
when an object's acceleration changes over time
Free Fall
a special case of uniform acceleration where an object is falling under the influence of gravity
Uniform Circular Motion
the motion of an object moving in a circular path at a constant speed
The difference between speed and velocity in uniform circular motion
although the speed may be constant, the velocity is not because the direction is always changing meaning that the velocity is always changing
Centripetal Force
the force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center of the circle; keeps the object moving in a circular path; F=mv^2 / r
Centripetal Acceleration
what turns the velocity vectors to keep the object traveling in a circle; ac= v^2 / r
Gravitational Force
the force of attraction between two masses; F=G(m1m2) / r^2
Gravitational Constant
6.674*10^-11 Nm^2 / kg^2
Electric Force
the attractive or repulsive force between two charged objects
Electric Force Formula
F=k(q1*q2) / r^2
Coulomb Constant
9*10^9 Nm^2 / C^2
Gravitational Acceleration
the acceleration experienced by an object due to the force of gravity
Gravitational Acceleration Formula
g = GM / r^2
Gravity on Earth
-9.81 m/s^2
Work
the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied over a distance
Work Formula
W=Fd; W=Fdcosθ
Momentum
the degree of an object's opposition to a modification in motion; a vector quantity,
Momentum Formula
p=mv
Impulse
the change in momentum of an object over a given time period
Impulse Formula
J=Ft
Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum
the total momentum of a system of objects remains constant if no external forces act on the system
3 Types of Collisions
elastic, inelastic and perfectly inelastic
Elastic Collisions
the total kinetic energy of the system is conserved
Inelastic Collisions
the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved
Perfectly Inelastic Collision
the objects stick together and travel in the same direction
Simple Harmonic Motion
a type of periodic motion where the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from the equilibrium position and is directed towards it
Relationship between Acceleration and Displacement in SHM
the acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement and is always directed towards the equilibrium position
Total Mechanical Energy of a System Undergoing SHM
is constant and is the sum of kinetic and potential energy
Potential Elastic Energy Formula
PEe=1/2 kx^2
What force causes simple harmonic motion
Since the block is accelerating and decelerating, there must be some force that is making it do so. This cause, the spring exerts a force on the b
Uniform Circular Motion
The motion of an object moving in a circular path at a constant speed. The velocity is constantly changing due to the change in direction of its motion.
Centripetal Force
The force that acts on an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center of the circle.
Centripetal Acceleration
The acceleration that turns the velocity vectors to keep an object traveling in a circle
Centripetal Acceleration Formula
a=v^2/r
Centripetal Force Formula
F=mv^2 / r
Newton's Second Law
F=ma
Kinetic Energy
KE=(1/2)mv^2
Potential Gravitational Energy
PEg=mgh
Total Mechanical Energy Formula
E=KE+PE
Conservation of Energy
Ei=Ef
Power
P=W/t
Conservation of Momentum
pi=pf
Elastic Collision Formula
m1v1i+m2v2i=m1v1f+m2v2f
Inelastic Collision Formula
m1v1i+m2v2i=(m1+m2)vf
Torque
τ=rFsinθ
Rotational Kinematics
θ=(1/2)αt^2+ωit
Moment of Inertia
I = ∫r^2dm
Coulomb's Law
F=k(q1q2)/r^2
Electric Field Formula
E=F/q
Electric Potential Energy Formula
U=k(q1q2)/r
Capacitance Formula
C=Q/V
Ohm's Law
V=IR
Resistance Formula
R=ρl/A
Kirchhoff's Laws
Σi=0 and ΣV=0
Snell's Law
n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2
Index of Refraction
n=c/v
Note 
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