AP European History: Causes of Spanish Civil War and World War II

Emil Ludwig

Emil Ludwig

________-"A peaceful, industrious, sensible mass of 500 million European people, was hounded by a few dozen incapable leaders, by falsified documents, lying stories of threats, and chauvinistic catchwords, into a war which in now way was destined or inevitable.

Turkish empire

________ was breaking up from the 19th century= power vacuum in balkans.

Entente Cordiale

________ was signed in 1904 as Britain feared being dragged into the Russo- Japanese War following their alliance with Japan in 1902.

Bismarck

________ kept France isolated with careful alliances, to avoid war on two fronts, avoid encirclement and be "a trois "in a Europe of five.

Azana

________ resigned as prime minister in 1933 due to growing tension.

Gill Robles

________ founded Ceda to try and protect the interests of the right.

Colonialism

________ was a safety valve to take tension away from Europe.

Ernst Topitsch

________- The USSR gave Hitler the "green- light "with the Nazi- Soviet pact.

Comintern

________ had sabotaged socialist parties in Germany, rather than the Nazi party.

Gustav Stresemann

________ had not made concrete promises on the East in the Locarno Treaty.

Hitler

________ began heavy rearmament from 1936- 1939.

France

________ signed a military alliance with Russia in 1894 partly for fear of Germany.

Weltpolitik

________ was to rally support /patriotism for the government and weaken socialists who disliked imperialism.

Nazi Soviet Pact

The ________ encouraged Hitler to invade Poland.

Archduke Ferdinand of Austro Hungarian

________ empire shot in Sarajevo, Bosnia on July 28th 1914 by Gavrilo Princip who was protesting Austrian occupation of Bosnia.

Left Republic

Azana 1931-33

Right Republic

Lerroux (among others) 1933-1936

Historiography

Patricia Knight -"By 1936, Civil War may not have been inevitable, but it certainly did not come as a surprise."

Paul Preston

-"The Second Republic ensured that Spains underlying conflicts were transmitted into national politics."

First Crisis

1905-1906

Second Crisis

1911

Balkans Crisis

Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina 1908

Balkans Crisis

Assassination and July Crisis

Historiography

Ruth Henig -"By 1912, most European governments had come to believe that a general European war was inevitable and that the problems which plagued them at home and abroad could no longer be settled by negotiation and diplomacy… In these circumstances, war seemed to offer an attractive way out."

Historiography

John Wheeler-Bennett -"Chamberlain was unable to deal with Hitlers aggressive foreign policy."