Fundamentals of Python

Computer program

is a sequence of instructions that dictate the flow of electrical impulses within a computer system

Software

is written to be used on real computer systems

Computing professionals or software engineers

_______ develop software to drive particular systems

Software

A computer program is an example of computer _____

Compiler

translate one computer language into another

Variable

represents a value stored in the computer's memory

Interpreter

translates the Python code into machine code when a user runs the program

Source code

The higher-level language code is called ______

Target code

The corresponding machine language code is called the _________

Editor

allows the programmer to enter the program source code and save it to files

Syntax

refers to the way pieces of the language are arranged to make well-formed sentences

Interpreter

is like a compiler, in that it translates higher-level source code into target code

Debugger

allows a programmer to more easily trace a program's execution in order to locate and correct errors in the program's implementation

Profiler

collects statistics about a program's execution allowing developers to tune appropriate parts of the program to improve its overall performance

Guido van Rossum

created the Python programming language in the late 1980s

Python

is used for software development at companies and organizations such as Google, Yahoo, Facebook, CERN, Industrial Light and Magic, and NASA

Statement

is an instruction that the interpreter executes

Delimit

means to determine the boundaries or limits of something

Class

An expression's type is sometimes denoted as its _____

Concatenation

combination of 2 string

Assignment

An _________ statement associates a value with a variable

=

Symbol for assignment operator

Tuple

is a comma-separated list of expressions

Undefined Variable/unbound variable

A variable that has not been assigned is called

Identifier

is a word used to name things

Reserved words

these words are special and are used to define the structure of Python programs and statements

floating-point numbers

Python supports such noninteger numbers, and they are called

float

Any literal numeric value with a decimal point in a Python program automatically has the type _____

Integers

are whole numbers, which means they have no fractional parts, and they can be positive, negative, or zero

Truncation

removing the decimal part of a float is called ______

Control codes

control the way the console window or a printer renders text

\

A symbol that signifies that the character that follows it is a control code, not a literal character

\n

Control code for new line

\t

Control code for tab

\f

Control code for form

\b

Control code for backspace

\a

Control code for alert

Print

Function that enables a Python program to display textual information to the user

sep

Syntax for separator

Positional parameters

This is known as placeholders

Triple quotes

Python provides way to represent a string's layout more naturally within source code, using ___________

Evaluation

process of determining the expression's value

Precedence

when an expression contains two different kinds of operators, which should be applied first?

Associativity

when an expression contains two operators with the same precedence, which should be applied first?

Syntax Error

is a common error that the interpreter can detect when attempting to translate a Python statement into machine language

Run-time Exceptions

arise after the interpreter's translation phase and during the program's execution phase

Logic Errors

The program contains an error, but the interpreter is unable to detect the problem

Bugs

Undiscovered run-time errors and logic errors that lurk in software are commonly called ______

Algorithm

is a finite sequence of steps, each step taking a finite length of time, that solves a problem or computes a result

Boolean Expression

also called as predicate, may only have true or false outcome.

George Boole

The word "Boolean" came from a British Mathematician named _____

Boolean Algebra

is a branch of discrete math that is dedicated to the study of the properties and the manipulation of logical expressions

bool

Syntax for boolean in programming

Relational operators

simplest kinds of boolean expression to compare two expressions

Condition

is a Boolean expression that determines whether or not the body will be executed

Block

is a block of one or more statements to be executed if the condition is true

Body

This part of the if statement is sometimes called the _____

If-block

is a block of one or more statements to be executed if the condition is true

Else-block

is a block of one or more statements to be executed if the condition is False

Compound Boolean Expression

combination of two or more Boolean expression using logical operators