study guide2

What are the four characteristics of the peritoneum?

1. Transparent layer, 2. Lines abdominal cavities, 3. Covers abdominal organs, 4. Supports the viscera and provides pathways for blood vessels.

What are the two types of peritoneum based on location?

1. Visceral peritoneum, 2. Parietal peritoneum.

What are the two characteristics of the visceral peritoneum?

1. Secretes a small amount of serous fluid, 2. Covers organs.

What are the names of the two abdominal 'sacs'?

1. Lesser sac, 2. Greater sac.

What are the two types of omentum in the abdomen?

1. Greater omentum, 2. Lesser omentum.

Where is the liver located?

Intraperitoneal - within the peritoneal cavity and covered by visceral peritoneum.

What is the bare area of the liver?

Posterosuperior surface of the right lobe of the liver that lies in direct contact with the diaphragm.

Where is the right subhepatic space located?

Beneath the right lobe of the liver and adjacent to the right kidney.

What is a common site for abscess formation?

Subphrenic space.

What are the four locations of the liver?

1. Right costal margin, 2. Right hypochondrium, 3. Epigastrium, 4. Intro left hypochondrium.

What is the male measurement range of the liver?

1400 to 1800 grams.

What is the female measurement range of the liver?

1200 to 1400 grams.

What structures are located posterior to the liver?

1. Right kidney, 2. IVC, 3. Aorta, 4. Gallbladder, 5. Cystic duct, 6. Portal vein, 7. Confluence, 8. Hepatic artery, 9. Colon.

What are the four lobes of the liver?

1. Left, 2. Right (largest), 3. Caudate, 4. Quadrate.

What separates the right lobe from the left lobe of the liver anteriorly?

Falciform ligament and main lobar fissure (MLF).

What structure is used as an anatomical landmark to find the gallbladder if diseased?

Main lobar fissure (MLF) ligament.

What is the appearance of the ligamentum teres?

Bright echogenic; rounded termination of falciform ligament.

Which veins drain the caudate lobe?

Spieghel veins, short hepatic veins, emissary hepatic veins.

What does the portal triad consist of?

Portal vein, hepatic artery, bile duct.

What two ducts combine to form the common hepatic duct?

Right hepatic duct and left hepatic duct.

What happens when the common bile duct is joined by the main pancreatic duct?

They open through the ampulla of Vater into the duodenal wall, surrounded by the sphincter of Oddi.

What is the function of acini cells in the pancreas?

They perform exocrine (digestive) functions.

What are the three superior and lateral structures related to the pancreas?

1. Stomach, 2. Duodenum, 3. Transverse colon.

What is the merging of the SMV and splenic vein called?

Portal splenic confluence.