Chapter 21 Feudalism and the Middle Ages

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42 Terms

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Middle Ages

period from about 500-1450

<p>period from about 500-1450</p>
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medieval

Latin for "middle age"

<p>Latin for "middle age"</p>
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Charlemagne

Great leader of the Franks in the 700s. United the Germanic kingdoms under one rule. He would put to death anyone who refused to covert to Christianity

<p>Great leader of the Franks in the 700s. United the Germanic kingdoms under one rule. He would put to death anyone who refused to covert to Christianity</p>
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Clovis

first Germanic king to convert to Christianity

<p>first Germanic king to convert to Christianity</p>
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knights

warriors who fought on horseback

<p>warriors who fought on horseback</p>
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vassal

paid taxes on the land and pledged military service to their lord

<p>paid taxes on the land and pledged military service to their lord</p>
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feudalism

system of promises that governed the relationships between lords and vassals

<p>system of promises that governed the relationships between lords and vassals</p>
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manor

walled in, self-contained world located on land belonging to a lord

<p>walled in, self-contained world located on land belonging to a lord</p>
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chivalry

code of honorable behavior for a knight

<p>code of honorable behavior for a knight</p>
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Crusades

long series of wars between Christians and Muslims for the Holy Land

<p>long series of wars between Christians and Muslims for the Holy Land</p>
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Palestine

Holy Land

<p>Holy Land</p>
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Magna Carta

"Great Charter". A document that made the king subject to the law of the land and limited his authority

<p>"Great Charter". A document that made the king subject to the law of the land and limited his authority</p>
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Parliament

A group of representatives who passed laws and imposed taxes. This was a step towards democracy in the form of a representative government.

<p>A group of representatives who passed laws and imposed taxes. This was a step towards democracy in the form of a representative government.</p>
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Joan of Arc

Peasant, French teenager who rallied the French troops against the English

<p>Peasant, French teenager who rallied the French troops against the English</p>
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Black Death

deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347-1351. People thought God was punishing humankind for its sins

<p>deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347-1351. People thought God was punishing humankind for its sins</p>
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bubonic plague

one of the plagues historians believed caused the Black Death

<p>one of the plagues historians believed caused the Black Death</p>
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fief

land given to lesser lords from a noble

<p>land given to lesser lords from a noble</p>
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Fleas and rats

believed to have spread the plague throughout Europe

<p>believed to have spread the plague throughout Europe</p>
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Germanic leaders

ruled over Western Europe after Rome fell

<p>ruled over Western Europe after Rome fell</p>
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Pope Urban II

launched the crusades in 1095

<p>launched the crusades in 1095</p>
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Muslims

Won the Crusades

<p>Won the Crusades</p>
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Jews

Expelled from England and France after the Crusades

<p>Expelled from England and France after the Crusades</p>
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Reconquista

A long effort to drive the Muslims out of Spain

<p>A long effort to drive the Muslims out of Spain</p>
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Inquisition

A powerful court set up to torture and execute non-Christians

<p>A powerful court set up to torture and execute non-Christians</p>
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Hundred Years War

Series of campaigns (wars) over the succession of the French throne, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.

<p>Series of campaigns (wars) over the succession of the French throne, involving English and French royal families and French noble families.</p>
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Longbow

deadly new weapon that could pierce a knight's armor.

<p>deadly new weapon that could pierce a knight's armor.</p>
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1/3

fraction of Europe's population that was killed by the Black Death

<p>fraction of Europe's population that was killed by the Black Death</p>
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king, nobles/church officials, knights, merchants, peasants/serfs

order of feudal pyramid

<p>order of feudal pyramid</p>
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peasants and serfs

made up the largest class in feudal Europe. Serfs were tied to the land.

<p>made up the largest class in feudal Europe. Serfs were tied to the land.</p>
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castles

where lords lived for protection

<p>where lords lived for protection</p>
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Church

1/10 of produce was given to them

<p>1/10 of produce was given to them</p>
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Pope Leo III

Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day, 800

<p>Crowned Charlemagne Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day, 800</p>
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Clergy

Church officials

<p>Church officials</p>
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cathedral

a towering church built during the Middle Ages where bishops exercised their authority

<p>a towering church built during the Middle Ages where bishops exercised their authority</p>
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Monestaries

Where monks lived, prayed, and copied ancient texts

<p>Where monks lived, prayed, and copied ancient texts</p>
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What is this European country?

Spain

<p>Spain</p>
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What is this European country?

England

<p>England</p>
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What is this European country?

Scotland

<p>Scotland</p>
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What is this European country?

Ireland

<p>Ireland</p>
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What is this European country?

Portugal

<p>Portugal</p>
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What is this European country?

France

<p>France</p>
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What is this European country?

Italy

<p>Italy</p>