epilepsy

seizure

an electrical storm in the brain. multiple התקפים that are caused by a sudden release of extra electricity from the brain cells

generalized seizure

a seziure the spread to the whole body starting from the diencephalon of the brain

focal seizure

a seizure that orginates in the cerebral cortex and only affects part of the brain

tonic-clonic seizure

a type of generalized seizure that has a decerebrate phase followed by a clonus phase

causes of seizures

hypoxemia, fever, head injury, hypertension, CNS infection, electrolyte imbalance, metabolic issues, brain tumor, allergies, extreme fatigue

signs of a tonic-clonic seizure

increased tonus, epileptic cry, clonus, biting the tongue, lasts around 2 minutes, loss of control over urinary sphincters, deep coma, noisy breathing

post ictal phase

a period that begins when a seizure subsides and ends when the patient returns to baseline

absence seizure

a seizure without movement

treatment during a seizure

prevent falling, lying on the side, protect the head, move objects away,

treatment after a seizure

prevent aspiration and head injury, lying on the side, suction, raise sides of the bed

epilepsy

a syndrome that includes spontaneous recurrent seizures, atleast 2 seizures that take place 24 hours apart or more.

status epilepticus

seizures that last over 5 minutes or multiple seizures over a period of 30 minutes where the patient doesn't regain consciousness in between seizures

treatment of status epilepticus

check airway and give oxygen, recovery position, give diazepam or another benzodiazepine in order to stop the seizures

phenytoin

which drug is used for continuous treatment for status epilepticus