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progressive reformers
________ wanted change to improve the lives of the growing urban population and devised a 3-tier procedure designed to assimilate the working class.
immigrants
Who contributed to the growing urban population in America?
White Anglo-Saxon Protestants
Progressives consisted of ________ who led the way as social reformers.
progressives
________ campaigned against the manufacture and consumption of alcohol, organized workers in labor unions, and often employed sport in a variety of programs to educate and assimilate immigrants and address the perceived social ills.
prohibition
campaign against the manufacturing and consumption of alcohol
1st
________ step of 3 tier procedure by progressive reformers: humanitarian concerns-child labor laws (met with resistance from parents)
2nd
________ step of 3 tier procedure by progressive reformers: passes mandatory education laws because unemployed children roamed the streets (joining gangs, crime)
3rd
________ step of 3 tier procedure by progressive reformers: physical education in the schools; supervised games and sport taught deference to authority
golden age of sport
During the ________, people were trying to find time outside of factories and work for leisure because it was considered important and sport was becoming a way of life for people.
American icons
During the golden age of sport, athletes became ________.
baseball
What sport had the first iconic figure that people worshiped?
icon
an image, representation, or symbol; a representation of something sacred or held in high regard
Babe Ruth
invented the home run; powerhouse who built a new reputation for the sport of baseball; considered best player; biggest sport's name in history of U.S.; changed baseball to high scoring game
live ball
What era was Babe Ruth a part of?
upwards
Babe Ruth invented a new swing where he would swing ________.
Boston Red Sox, Yankees
Babe Ruth was the star of the ________ until he joined the ________ in 1919.
baseball
What's the national pastime, "America's Game?"
Black Sox scandal
1919 World Series; Chicago White Sox "fixed" series; tarnished baseball's image; 8 Black Sox players accused of taking money and throwing the game
commissioner
someone who is over everything that happens in a particular sport
Landis
Who was the first baseball commissioner?
banned scandals for life
What was the first thing that Landis did when he became the baseball commissioner?
60
How many home runs did Babe Ruth hit in 1927?
McGuire, Sosa
Who had a battle of home runs after baseball had a strike?
excitement, fan base, strategy
How did Babe Ruth bring back the popularity of baseball? (3 things)
media darling
Babe Ruth was America's first and largest "________," becoming the face of his sport, and a symbol of America.
Yankees
What was the most significant sports dynasty during Babe Ruth's time?
Joe DiMaggio
played for the Yankees; served as an American icon; focus of America as America was about to enter WWII; introverted; wasn't a social activist; wouldn't sign autographs; kept baseball exciting during a very difficult time
56
Joe DiMaggio had a ________ game hitting streak.
Marilyn Monroe
Who was Joe DiMaggio involved with/married to?
Foster
Who helped organize the National Association of Colored Baseball Clubs in 1920 and was a visionary in the Negro Leagues?
individually
When the integration occurred with the Negro Leagues and the Major Leagues, did it happen as teams or individually?
Jackie Robinson
Who was the first negro to be integrated into the Major Leagues?
Foster
Who was known as the Black Father of Baseball?
Negro League
The Pittsburgh Crawfords, Homestead Grays, Birmingham Barons, and Indianapolis Clowns were (Major League/Negro League) teams.
Gibson
catcher in the Negro Leagues; compared to Babe Ruth
Bell
renown base stealer in the Negro Leagues
Satchel Paige
extremely talented pitcher; very flamboyant and humerous; Babe Ruth of the Negro Leagues; "media darling"; called Satchel because as a young boy, he would meet the trains every morning to carry people's satchels to work to earn a nickel
5
Satchel Paige pitched for over ________ decades in the Negro Leagues.
Kansas City Athletics
At age 59 in 1965, Satchel Paige made an appearance at ________ to become recognized and draw money from Major League Baseball.
when Landis died
When was Jackie Robinson able to break into Major League Baseball?
basketball, softball, tennis
What 3 sports did women play in the 1900s?
not able to have children
What was thought to happen to women if they engaged in vigorous physical activity?
female P.E. leaders
Not only medical doctors, but ________ were also discouraging interscholastic and competitive sport for females.
1912
When were women allowed to swim in the Olympics?
Babe Didrikson
most significant female athlete of the first half of the 20th century; came from Norwegian background; boys were scared of her because she was a tomboy with muscles; gave birth to the modern female athlete; from east Texas; great at every sport; secretary at Employers' Casualty Company; became professional athlete
Ladies Professional Golf Association
Babe Didrikson helped found the ________ in 1947.
colon cancer
How did Babe Didrikson die?
Rigley, Chicago Cubs
In the 1940s and as WWII began to break out, ________, the owner of the ________, organized the All Americans Girl Baseball League.
All Americans Girl Baseball League
organization that lasted 10-11 years; played competitively and drew in large crowds; league fell when money was embezzled from the league; began to erode away the notion that females couldn't play sports
football
________ was established as the college sport in the early 1900s.
U.S. military academies, army
In the early 1900s, ________ evolved into football powers, the ________ being the biggest of them all.
passing
What was invented in football to reduce injuries?
fumble
An incomplete pass was considered a ________ to be recovered by either team in the early 1900s.
Notre Dame
Who became "America's (football) Team" in the early 1900s and beat Army?
bomb
The "________" became a very effective and efficient offensive strategy where receiver wouldn't break stride when catching the ball as a pass.
Rockne
hired to coach Notre Dame; changed football as player and coach because he'd have his teams travel all over
Minrice
sports columnist; friends with Rockne; began promotion of Notre Dame through the press
Thorpe
Who was the well recognized and respected president of the American Professional Football League?
American Professional Football League
11 teams from blue-collar towns in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York; fan attendance was meager
Halas
bought Decator team in American Professional Football League and moved it to Chicago because he recognized playing in small cities wasn't going to cut it; realized he needed to get notable college players to play professionally
University of Illinois, Grange
George Halas was able to get the best player from the ________, ________.
Grange
the "Galloping Ghost"; best known football player of the day; star at University of Illinois; signed with Bears; helped legitimize pro football
Chicago Bears
The Decator team of the American Professional Football League became the ________.
YMCA
Basketball was spread by what organization?
basketball, 2nd
By WWI, ________ is most popular high school sport and ________ to football at college level.
Rupp
coached first game at Kentucky in 1930; beat team very badly in his first game; created fastbreak style of today; very instrumental in popularizing college basketball
Celtics
What New York pro basketball team was all white?
Renaissance
What New York pro basketball team was all black?
New York Celtics, New York Renaissance, Savoy Big 5
What 3 pro teams dominated in basketball?
Chicago
Where were the Savoy Big 5 located?
white, Mikan Era
The National Basketball League (which was all ________) formed during the ________.
Savoy Big 5
later became Harlem Globetrotters; most recognized basketball team today; highly skilled; entertainment; would play exhibition games against NBA champs; formed because black players couldn't play in the NBA
Saperstein
Who created the Savoy Big 5?
Mikan's Minneapolis Lakers
The Savoy Big 5 played two exhibition games against the NBA Champs, ________.
Harlem
negro capital of the world
globetrotter
"been all over the world"
Berlin, Nazi Olympics
The 1936 Olympics were held in ________ and were known as the ________. The major events were the 100, 200, long jump, and 4x100 relay. Most grandiose games to date. Instituted Torch Relay. Jesse Owens competed in these games.
Owens
went to Ohio State; known as the "Buckeye Bullet"; broke 3 world records at National Intercollegiate Meet; Hitler didn't shake his hand; respected by rivals; won 4 gold medals in 1936 Olympics
Louis
"the Brown Bomber"; heavyweight champ; hero to black youth; quiet, polite, humble
1896
When was the first modern Olympics?
deCoubertin
decided to hold the first games and also created the International Olympic Committee; "it is against the laws of nature for women to participate"
marathon
The first ________ was in 1908.
Connoley
American who won the first track and field event (triple jump)
fiascos, huge disappointments
Both 1900 and 1904 Olympics were considered ________ and ________.
Paris
In 1900, the games were held in ________. The games lasted 5 months.
St. Louis
In 1904, the games were held in ________. There was a significant number of no-shows.
London
In 1908, the games were held in ________, and the International Sport Federations was created. This was the first games where athletes entered as teams.
24/25, watch from his palace
In the 1908 London games, the marathon changed from ________ miles to 26.2 miles because the King of England wanted to ________.
Stockholm
In 1912, the games were held in ________. The modern pentathlon was introduced. Jim Thorpe participated in these games.
bright path
Jim Thorpe's American Indian name, Wa-Tho-Huk, translated to "________."
300m swim, 4k cross country, fencing, running, shooting
What were the events of the modern pentathlon?
Thorpe
went to Carlisle boarding school; played baseball, football, and track & field; won pentathlon and decathlon at 1912 games; "greatest athlete in the world"
1916
The ________ games were scheduled for Berlin but cancelled because of WWI.
YMCA, tennis, cycling
The Far Eastern games were ________, the Davis Cup was ________, and the Tour de France was ________.
Antwerp
In 1920, the games were held in ________. Germany and its Allies were denied participation in these Olympic Games because of WWI. First time Olympic flag was flown.
Paris
In 1924, the games were held in ________. This was the first duplication of the same city. No German athletes participated in these games. Tennis expelled from these games.
Amsterdam
In 1928, the games were held in ________. Females participated in 5 track and field events.
Los Angeles
In 1932, the games were held in ________. Photo-finish camera used for track and field.
London
In 1948, the games were held in ________.
Helsinki
In 1952, the games were held in ________. These games had more female participation (10 from U.S.).
Note 
Flashcard (72)