General Chemistry: Classification, Naming, and Writing Formulas of Inorganic Compounds

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the lecture on inorganic compounds, their classification, naming conventions, and various chemical reactions.

Binary Ionic Compounds

Compounds consisting of two different elements, typically a metal and a non-metal.

Ferrous

Iron with a +2 oxidation state.

Ferric

Iron with a +3 oxidation state.

Hydroxide

An ion consisting of one oxygen atom bonded to one hydrogen atom, typically found in bases.

Chemical Reaction

A process in which substances are transformed into different substances.

Combination Reaction

A reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product.

Decomposition Reaction

A reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more products.

Substitution Reaction

A reaction where one element in a compound is replaced by another element.

Acid-Base Reaction

A reaction between an acid and a base that typically produces water and salt.

Noble Gases

Group VIIIA elements that are characterized by low reactivity due to having a full valence shell.

Alkali Metals

Group IA elements that are highly reactive and include elements such as lithium and sodium.

Hydrated Magnesium Silicate

Also known as talc, used as a dusting powder and adsorbent.

Plumbous

Lead with a +2 oxidation state.

Dichromate

A polyatomic ion with the formula Cr₂O₇²⁻, often used as a strong oxidizing agent.

Permanganate

A polyatomic ion with the formula MnO₄⁻, commonly used in redox reactions.

Antidote

A substance that counteracts a poison or toxin.

Saponifying Agent

A substance that promotes the formation of soap from fats and oils.

Isotope

Variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Enzyme Activation

The process by which an enzyme is made functional, often involving a metal ion.

Reduction

A chemical process that involves the gaining of electrons by an element.

Oxidizing Agent

A substance that donates oxygen or accepts electrons in a reaction.

Toxicity

The degree to which a substance can damage an organism.

Alkaloidal Poisoning

Poisoning caused by alkaloids, which are naturally occurring compounds, often with significant pharmacological effects.