Med Terms Lesson 2- CLAS-C 209

derma, dermatos

skin

derm - algia

hypo - derm - ic

dermat - ology

dermat - itis

gastēr, gastros

stomach

gastr - ic

gastr - itis

epi - gaster

hepar

the liver

meninx

one of the coverings of the brain and spinal cord.

soma

the body

Prefixes-

amphi-, ampho-

on both sides, around, both:

amphi - bious

ampho - cyte

ana-

up, back, against

ana -tomy

ana - gen

apo-

away from:

apo - crine

apo -ptosis

cata- (cat- before a vowel or b)

downward, disordered:

cata - bolism

cat - hode

dia- (di- before a vowel)

through, across, apart:

dia - class

di - optometer

eso-

within, inner, inward:

eso - gastritis

eu-

good, normal, healthy

eu - thyroid

heter-, hetero-

different, other, relationship to another:

hetero - chromia

heter - esthesia

homo-, homeo-

same, likeness:

homo - topic

homeo - stasis

meta- (met- before a vowel or h)

change, transformation, after, behind:

meta - bolism

met - hemoglobin

para- (often par- before a vowel)

alongside, around, abnormal, beyond:

para - thyroid

par - acusia

pro-

before:

pro-dromal

pros-, prosth-

in place of:

pros - thesis

prosth - odontics

Suffixes

-al

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, located in:

bronchi - al

-ase

forms names of enzymes:

amyl - ase

-asia, -asis (rare)

form abstract nouns: state, condition:

metachrom-asia

blepharochal - asis

-ema, combining form of nouns ending in -ema is -emat-

emphys - ema

eryth - emat - ous

-esis

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, procedure

amniocent - esis

-etic

forms adjectives, often from nouns ending in -esis: pertaining to:

diaphor - etic

gen - etic

-ics, -tics

forms nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of:

geriatr - ics

therapeu - tics

-ism

forms abstract nouns: state, condition, quality:

astigmat - ism

-ismus

forms abstract nouns: state, condition; muscular spasm:

laryng - ismus

-oid, (rarely) -ode, -id

form both nouns and adjectives indicating a particular shape, form, or resemblance: like, resembling:

aden - oid

nemat - ode

lip - id

-ose

a Latin derived adjectival suffix; also used to form names of chemical substances: full of, resembling:

ventr - ose

-ous

a Latin-derived adjectival suffix: pertaining to, characterized by, full of:

bili -ous

tics

see -ics

-us

a Latin noun forming ending: condition, person (sometimes a malformed fetus):

hypothalam - us

Verb-Forming Suffix

-ize

verb forming- is commonly used Greek - derived suffix that means ‘ to make, become, cause to be, subject to, engage in”

hypnot - ize

Chemical Substances

There are many suffixes used to form names of chemical substances:

-ate (chlor - ate)

-ide (brom - ide)

-ite (nitr - ite)

-one (testoster - one)

Combining forms preceded by a hyphen (e.g., -em-) are found only following a prefix or another combining form: anemia, leukemia, etc.

coli-

colon bacillus

escherichia coli

cyst(i)

urinary bladder

cholecyst-

gallbladder

Acr-

[highest point] extremities (particularly the hands and feet)

acr - odermatitis

Ambly-

dull, faint

ambly - acousia

Carcin-

[crab] carcinoma, cancer

carcin - oma

-cel-

hernia, tumor, swelling

hydro - cel - e

Cheir-, Chir-

hand

cheir - ospasm

Chol(e)-

bile, gall

chol - olith

Col(i)-, Colon

Colon

colon - oscope

Cyan-

Blue

cyan - otic

Cyst(i), -Cystis

Bladder, cyst

cyst - itis

Diplo-

double, twin

diplo - bacillus

Enter-

(small) intestine

enter - algia

Erg-

action, work

erg - ometer

Gastr-

stomach

gastr - ectomy

Hem-, Hemat-, -em-

blood

hem - orrhage

Hepar-, hepat-

liver

hepat - itis

Lip-

Fat

lip - osuction

Macr-

(abnormally) large or long

macr - opodia

Mega-, megal-

(abnormally) large or long

mega - colon

Melan-

dark, black

melan - in

Micr-

(abnormally) small

micr - obe

Nyct-

night

nyct - algia

Odyn-

pain

odyn - ophagia

Onc-

tumor

onc - ologist

Pachy-

thick

pachy - derma

Pseud-

false

pseud - arthritis

Py-

pus

py - emia

Sarc-

flesh, soft tissue

sarc - olysis

Spasm-

spasm, involuntary muscular contraction

neuro - spasm

Splen-

spleen

splen - omegalia

Stom-, Stomat-

Mouth, opening

stomat - odynia

-e

forms nouns