Kin Unit 5 Lesson 1 and 2

The Central Nervous System

The Central Nervous System

The main pathway fro information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system

Peripheral Nervous System

Carries information to and from the CNS through nerves

Automatic nervous system

regulates for the involuntary movements of the cardiac muscles and the smooth muscles of the internal organs

The Sympathetic Nervous System

• a part of the ANS

• responsible for involuntary responses

• such as the fight or flight response or sweating when nervous

Parasympathetic Nervous System

• apart of the ANS

• adjusts the body back to resting state after being altered by the sympathetic system

The Somatic Nervous System

• controls skeletal muscles

• has both afferent and efferent nerve fibres

Afferent Muscle fibres

• sensory

• sends information to the CNS

Efferent Muscle fibres

• motor

• sends instructions to the skeletal muscles

Cerebral reflex

From the brain

Spinal reflex

From the spinal cord

Autonomic reflexes

• from the smooth and cardiac muscles

• regulate digestion, elimination, ect

Somatic reflexes

• affects the skeletal muscles

• cause the stretch reflex and withdrawal reflex

Neutrons

Transmit information to one another

The Reflex Arch

Allows an organism to respond quickly from sensory neutrons

Sensory Neuron

Afferent Neutron- the neutron that arrives at the interneuron

Motor Neuron

Efferent Neurons- exits the interneuron

Proprioceptors

Sensory receptors located in tendons, muscles, joints, and the inner ear

Muscle Spindle

The means by which muscles constantly and automatically adjust to the demands asked of them

Synapse

Neuronal junction - the site of transmitting of electric nerve impulses between two nerve cells (neurons)

Monosyllabic reflexes

A reflex that only contains one space for an action potential to travel between a sensory and motor neutron

Polysnaptic reflexes

Spinal reflexes - one or more interneurons lie between the primary sensory fibres and the motor neutrons

Withdrawal reflex

Involves the withdrawal of a body part from a painful stimulus

The cross extensor reflex

Involves multiple synapse and muscle groups