exam 3: msucles of the spine

clincial anatomy

sternocleidomastoid

organ: mastoid process

insertion: sternum and medial portion of clavicle

innervation: spinal accessory nerve

action: side bends head and rotate away from ipsilateral side

levator scapulae

origin: transervse processes c1-4

insertion: medial border scapula

innervation: dorsal scapular

action: elevates scapula and downwardly rotates it

scalene

origin: transverse process c2-7

insertion: anterior and middle 1st rib, posterior 2nd rib

innervation: c3-c8

action: elevate ribs 1 and 2, flex neck, side bend, rotaate cervicle spine to contralateral side

rectus capitis posterior major

c2 spinous process to lateral part of inferior nuchal line

innervate dorsal ramus of c1

rectus capitis posterior minor

c1 posterior tubercle to medial part of inferior nuchal line

innervated by dorsal ramus c1

obliquus capitus superior

c1 transverse process to occiput

innervated by the dorsal ramus c1

obliquus capittis inferior

c2 spinous process to c1 transverse process

innervated by dorsal damus c1

splenius capitis

origin: ligamentium niche, spinous process c7-t3/t4

insertion: mastoid process, occipital bone

innervation: dorsal rami

action: extend roatte laterally flex head

splenius cervicis

origin: spinous process t3-t

insertion: transverse process of c1-c3/c4

innervation: dorsal rami

action: extend, rotate, laterally flex cervical spine

illiocostalis

identify this muscle

insertion: cervicle transverse process

longissimus

identify this muscle

insertion: transverse processes in thoarcics and cericle to mastoid process of temporal bone

spinalis

identify this muscle

insertion: spinous process in upper thoarcics region and to cranium

semispinalis

what muslce is this

transverse process to spinous process

extends head and rotates contralaterally

multifidus

what muscle is this

transverse and articular processes to spinous processes

stabilizes vertebrae

rotatores

what msucle is this

transverse processes to transerse or spinous process

stablize vertebra and assist with local extension and rotatory movements

leavtores costarum

what muscle is this

transverse process to rib

elevate ribs, assisting in respiration, assist with lateral flexion of vertebral column

intertransversarli

what muscle is this

transevrse process to transverse process

posterior and naterior rami of spinal nerves

lateral flexion

interspinales

what msucle is this

spinous process to spinous process

aid in extension and rotation

psoas major

origin: transverse processe of lumbar verebtae

insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

innervation: lumbar plexus

action: flexes thigh, flexes back laterally, flexes trunk

iliacus

origin: iliac fossa, sacrum, sacro-iliac ligament

insertion: lesser trochanter

innervation: femoral nerve

action: flex thigh and stabilize hip joint

quadratus lumborum

origin: 12th rib and tips of lumbar transverse process

insertion: iliolumbar ligament and interanl lip of iliac crest

innervation: anterior branch t12 l1-l4

action: extend and laterally flex trunk, fixes 12th rib during inspiration