BIOLOGY 1A03 Cellular and Molecular Biology Review

These flashcards cover key concepts related to cellular and molecular biology, focusing on cancer biology, cell cycle, and experimental findings from the lecture notes.

What is the primary role of microtubules during mitosis?

Microtubules help in moving chromosomes during cell division.

What happens to interphase cells when fused with M-phase cells according to Johnson & Rao's experiments?

Interphase cells begin M phase.

What did Markert & Masui's Microinjection Experiments show regarding M-phase cytoplasm?

M-phase cytoplasm contains regulatory molecules that trigger mitosis.

What are the main characteristics of cancer cells?

Cancer cells divide faster than normal cells, do not exhibit anchorage dependence, and their cell cycle checkpoints are disrupted.

What is the difference between the normal cells and cancer cells regarding cell division?

Normal cells exhibit limited growth and stop dividing upon contact, while cancer cells exhibit uncontrolled cell division.

What stage of cancer indicates that the tumor has spread to distant sites in the body?

Stage 4 indicates the tumor has spread to distant sites.

What is the predicted number of new cancer cases in Canada for 2024?

The predicted number of new cancer cases in Canada for 2024 is 247,100.

What is a key reason for the increasing new cancer cases and deaths projected in 2024?

The growing and aging population is a key reason for the increase.

What types of cancer are expected to see a projected decrease in incidence and mortality rates?

Lung, colorectal, and prostate cancers are expected to decrease.

What are anti-microtubule agents used in chemotherapy?

Vincristine and Taxol are anti-microtubule agents that inhibit spindle fiber formation.

What does CAR-T therapy involve in cancer treatment?

CAR-T therapy harnesses the individual's immune system to target and destroy cancer cells.

How can alcohol consumption contribute to cancer risk?

Alcohol can lead to irreversible DNA damage and increase circulating estrogen levels, potentially causing breast cancer.