The stages of pregnancy and child birth in child development

Vocabulary flashcards covering key lecture topics in fetal positioning, birth hormones, health assessments, healthcare access, and newborn mortality statistics.

Sunny side up

A fetal position during birth where the baby is positioned head down, but face up.

Oxytocin

A neurotransmitter flooded into the brain during birth that speeds up the labor process and facilitates bonding, which is also flooded during the orgasm phase of the sexual response cycle.

Apgar scale

A quick assessment of a newborn's health that evaluates color, heart rate, reflexes, muscle tone, and respiratory effort with scores of $0$, $1$, or $2$ per area, conducted at $1$ minute and $5$ minutes after birth.

Healthy Apgar score

An Apgar score of $7$ or higher evaluated at $5$ minutes after birth, indicating a healthy baby.

Delivery desert

A region or county lacking operational birthing facilities or hospitals to deliver babies, such as the $53$ counties in Arkansas that do not have operational facilities out of $75$ total counties.

Arkansas teen pregnancy rate

A birth rate of $22.2$ live births per $1,000$ females aged $15$ to $19$.

US national teen pregnancy average

A national birth rate of $13$ live births per $1,000$ females aged $15$ to $19$.

Historical US newborn mortality rate

The US newborn mortality rate $100$ years ago, during which $5$ out of $100$ newborns died.

Current worldwide newborn mortality rate

The current global mortality rate for newborns, where $1$ in $70$ dies.

Current US newborn mortality rate

The current newborn mortality rate in the United States, where $1$ in $206$ dies.