Week 6: Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders

Flashcards about OCRDs listed in the DSM-5

Besides obsessions/compulsions, what additional criteria must be met for diagnosing OCD according to DSM-5?

Experiences must cause marked distress and either be time-consuming (over an hour a day) or significantly interfere with functioning and relationships.

Obsessions

Persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or images that are experienced as intrusive and inappropriate, causing marked anxiety or distress.

What are compulsions?

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession, with the goal of preventing or reducing anxiety.

What is the goal of compulsions for someone with OCD?

To prevent or reduce anxiety.

What percentage of the Australian population engages in some level of ritualized behavior?

More than 50%

What is the estimated 12-month prevalence rate of OCD in the US population?

1% to 2%

What is the most common comorbid disorder experienced by people with OCD?

Major Depressive Disorder

What is the main premise of the cognitive behavioral model for OCD?

Intrusive thoughts are normal, but some individuals place additional meaning on these thoughts and respond in ways that maintain hyper-vigilance and increase anxiety.

What is the primary presenting issue in Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)?

A preoccupation with one or more perceived defects or flaws in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others.

What is muscle dysmorphia?

A specific type of BDD where an individual, usually male, is concerned that their body is too small or lacking in musculature.

What are some repetitive behaviors that someone with BDD might engage in?

Excessive mirror checking, grooming, or reassurance seeking

What is the key presenting feature of hoarding disorder?

Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regardless of their actual value, due to a perceived need to save the items and distress associated with discarding them.

What differentiates hoarding disorder from OCD?

Hoarding disorder was classified as a sperate disorder in the DSM-5

What is trichotillomania?

Hair pulling, often resulting in noticeable hair loss.

What is excoriation?

Skin picking, or scratching at one's skin to a point where they feel they cannot stop.

What is exposure therapy?

A treatment approach aimed at exposing individuals to the anxiety associated with intrusive thoughts or images while preventing the compulsive behavior, thereby breaking the cycle of anxiety and relief.