T10 - Amniotes Intro to Reptiles

Amniotic egg

Self-contained egg providing stability and protection.

Extraembryonic membranes

Membranes aiding in embryo development and protection.

Chorion

Membrane surrounding entire contents of the egg.

Amnion

Membrane surrounding only the embryo.

Allantois

Stores waste and facilitates gas diffusion.

Albumin

Protective fluid preventing drying and cushioning.

Skull fenestration

Holes in skull for muscle expansion.

Convergent evolution

Independent development of similar traits in different lineages.

Water conservation adaptations

Mechanisms for efficient water use in excretion.

Endothermy

Ability to maintain body temperature internally.

K-selection

Reproductive strategy focusing on fewer offspring.

Sustained locomotion

Continuous movement requiring efficient oxygen use.

Axial bending

Movement affecting lung air flow in sauropsids.

Synapsid respiration

Air moves in and out of lungs.

Sauropsid respiration

Air moves unidirectionally through lungs.

Diaphragm

Muscle separating pulmonary and abdominal cavities.

Bipedalism

Two-legged locomotion reducing rib interference.

Alveolar lung

Lung structure with tree-like branching for gas exchange.

Faveolar lung

Lung structure with numerous branching patterns.

High blood pressure

Facilitates rapid blood movement but risks plasma leakage.

Insulation paradox

Insulation benefits require higher metabolic rates.

Gastralia breathing

Rib movement aiding in lung expansion.

Septum in ventricle

Divides blood flow directions in the heart.