AP Psychology Module 70-73

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39 Terms

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Psychotherapy
Treatment involving psychological techniques to help someone overcome difficulties or achieve personal growth.
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Biomedical Therapy
Prescribed medications or medical procedures that act directly on the patient’s nervous system.
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Eclectic Approach
An approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy depending on the client’s problems.
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Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique that aims to bring repressed thoughts into conscious awareness through free association and interpretation.
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Resistance
In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
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Interpret
In psychoanalysis, the therapist’s explanation of underlying meanings in dreams, resistances, and other behaviors.
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Transferring
In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer of emotions linked with other relationships onto the therapist.
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Psychodynamic Therapists
Therapists who focus on unconscious forces and childhood experiences to enhance self-insight.
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Client-Centered Therapy
A humanistic therapy developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist provides an empathetic, accepting environment.
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Active Listening
Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies.
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Unconditional Positive Regard
A caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude that helps clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.
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Behavior Therapy
Therapy that applies learning principles to eliminate unwanted behaviors.
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Counterconditioning
A behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors.
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Exposure Therapies
Behavioral techniques that treat anxieties by exposing people to the things they fear and avoid.
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Systematic Desensitization
A type of exposure therapy that associates a relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.
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Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy
A treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their fears.
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Aversive Conditioning
A type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior.
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Token Economy
An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn tokens for desired behaviors, which can later be exchanged for rewards.
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Cognitive Therapies
Therapies that teach people new, more adaptive ways of thinking.
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Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy
A confrontational cognitive therapy that challenges people’s self-defeating attitudes.
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Cognitive-Behavior Therapy
A therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy.
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Family Therapy
Therapy that treats the family as a system and views an individual’s issues as influenced by or directed at family members.
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Regression Toward the Mean
The tendency for extreme scores or behaviors to return to average over time.
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Meta-analysis
A statistical procedure that combines the results of multiple studies to reach overall conclusions.
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Evidence-Based Practice
Clinical decision-making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient preferences.
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Light Exposure Therapy
A treatment for seasonal depression that involves daily exposure to bright light.
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Therapeutic Alliance
A bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, crucial for successful therapy.
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Psychopharmacology
The study of drug effects on mind and behavior.
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Antipsychotic Drugs
Medications used to treat schizophrenia and other severe thought disorders.
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Antianxiety Drugs
Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.
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Antidepressant Drugs
Medications used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD by altering neurotransmitter levels.
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Lithium
A mood-stabilizing drug commonly used to treat bipolar disorder.
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Tardive Dyskinesia
A possible side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs, involving involuntary facial and body movements.
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Electroconvulsive Therapy
A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients involving electric shocks to the brain.
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Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS)
A therapy that uses repeated magnetic pulses to stimulate or suppress brain activity.
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Psychosurgery
Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an attempt to change behavior.
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Lobotomy
A psychosurgical procedure that was once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients by severing frontal lobe connections.
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Resilience
The ability to cope with stress and recover from adversity.
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Posttraumatic Growth
Positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances.