sum
the answer to an addition problem
the difference
the answer to a subtraction problem
product
the answer to a multiplication problem
quotient
the answer to a division problem
divisor
the number you divide by
remainder
the number that remains after subtraction
words used in addtion word problems
sum, total, all together
words used in a subtraction word problem
how much more, how much less, find the difference, and deduct
words often used in division word problems
share, split, per, average and grouped into
gross
total amount of salary before deducting taxes, espenses, etc.
net
amount of salary remaining after deducting taxes, expenses, etc.
parentheses in a math equation
do this part first
exponent
a mathematical notation indicating the number of times a quantity is multiplied by itself
base number
a number that has an exponent
square root
a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number
order of operations
Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally P - parentheses E - exponents M - multiplication D - division A - addition S - subtraction
Mean or average
The sum (+) of all data divided by the number of data points
median
The middle number in a set of numbers that are listed in order
perimeter
the sums of the lenghts of all sides of a figure
length
longer sides of a rectangle
width
shorter sides of a rectangle
area
the measure of flat surface inside its perimeter
volume
the amount of space inside a three-dimensional figure v=(pi X r squared)h -- volumn = (pi X radius squared)height
fraction
a small part or item forming a piece of a whole
numerator
the part of a fraction above the line, which tells how many parts are being counted.
denominator
the part of a fraction below the line, which tells how many equal parts there are in the whole or in the group.
equivalent fractions
different fractions that name the same amount
reducing fractions to the lowest terms
the smallest equivalent fraction
improper fraction
a fraction whose numerator is larger than the denominator
mixed number
a number made up of a whole number and a fraction
lowest common denominator
the smallest number, other than zero, that can be the denominator for two or more common fractions
triangle
a three-sided polygon
perimeter of a triangle
add all the sids
area of a triangle
A=1/2 bh -- Area = 1/2 base X height
right triangle
a triangle with one right angle
parallelograms
similar to a rectangle, four sids, and each pair of opposite sides are parallel and equal
area of a parallelogram
A = bh -- Area=base x height
1 year
365 days 52 weeks 12 months
1 pint
16 ounces 2 cups
1 quart
32 ounces 4 cups
1 gallon
4 quarts 128 ounces 16 cups
1 foot
12 inches
1 yard
3 feet 36 inches
1 pound -- 1lb
16 ounces
1 ton
2,000 pounds
1 liter
approx. 1 quart
1 milliliter
1/1000 of a liter
1 gram
1/28 of an ounce
1 milligram
1/1000 of a gram
1 kilogram
1000 grams 2.2 pounds
1 meter
39 inches
1 millimeter
1/1000 of a meter
1 kilometer
1000 meters .62 miles
tenths
0.1
hundredths
0.01
thousandths
0.001
ten thousandths
0.0001
hundred thousandths
0.00001
circumfrence of a circle
the distance around a circle c=pi X d -- circumfrence = pi X diameter
center of a circle
exact middle of a circle
radius of a circle
is the line segment connecting the center of the circle to any point on the circle
r=d/2 -- radius=diameter/2
diameter of a circle
A line that passes through the center of the circle, connecting any two points
d=2r -- diameter=2 X radius
pi
3.14
cubic units
the units volume is measured in
line graph
a type of graph used to show the relationship between two variables that are numbers on an x-axis and a y-axis
pie chart
a circular chart divided into triangular areas proportional to the percentages of the whole
table
a set of data arranged in rows and columns
bar graph
a graph that uses horizontal or vertical bars to display data
number line
a line for representing and graphing numbers. Each point on the line corresponds to a number.
monomial
an algebraic expression consisting of a single term that does not require any addition or subtraction -- 5y
coeffcient
a number that is being multiplied to be a variable -- in 5y the 5
variable
a symbol (like x or y) that is used in mathematical or logical expressions to represent a variable quantity -- in 5y the y
adding numbers with signs
if the signs are the same (-,-) or (+,+) add the 2 numbers and label with the sign 7 + 3 = 10 -5 + (-3) = -8
If the signs are different (-,+) or (+,-) arrange with the larger number first then subtract then label the answer with the sign of the larger number 4 + -6 = -6 + 4 = -2
subtracting numbers with signs
step 1: change the subtraction problem into an addition problem
step 2: change the sign of the second number
step 3: follow the rules of adding numbers with signs
16 - 6 step 1: -16 + 6 = step 2: -16 + (-6) = step 3: -16 + (-6) = -22
12 - (-7) = 12 + (-7) = 12 + 7 = 12 + 7 = 19
multiplying and dividing with signed numbers
Signs are alike -- answer is positive Signs are different -- answer is negative
ratio
a comparison of two numbers
vertex of an angle
the initial point of an angle
right angle
angle that is 90 degrees
acute angle
angle that measures less than 90 degrees
obtuse angle
An angle that measures more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees
straight angle
an angle that measures exactly 180 degrees
complementary angles
Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees
supplementary angles
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
bisectors
a line that divides the angle in half
vertical angle
either of two equal and opposite angles formed by the intersection of two straight lines
transversal
a line that intersects two or more parallel lines
equilateral triangle
a triangle with three equal sides -- all angles = 60 degrees (sum of all angles is 180)
isoceles triangle
Triangle with 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles (sum of all angles is 180)
scalene triangle
A triangle with sides of different lengths and no two angles are the same (sum of all angles is 180)
right triangle
one of the angles is always 90 degrees, the other two sides could be the same or different but will always = 90 degrees (sum of all angles is 180)
sum of all angles in a triangle
the sum of all angles of a triangle always adds up to 180 degrees
similar triangles
similar triangles have corresponding angles that are equal and corresponding sides that are proportional
pythagorean theorem
a²+b²=c² where c always represents the hypotenuse and a and b represent the other sides of a right triangle