The Periodic Table KOBE 8TH

Families/Groups

18 of them. Vertical columns on the table. Have similar physical/chemical properties.

Group 1

Alkali Metals (1 valence electron)

Group 2

Alkaline Earth Metals (2 valence electrons)

Groups 3-12

Transition Metals (# of valence electrons vary)

Group 13

Boron Family (3 valence electrons)

Group 14

Carbon Family (4 valence electrons)

Group 15

Nitrogen Family (5 valence electrons)

Group 16

Oxygen Family (6 valence electrons)

Group 17

Halogens (7 valence electrons) 'salt formers'

Group 18

Noble Gases ('inert') (8 valence electrons, except He which has 2)

Lanthanides and Actinides

The 2 rows taken out of the table and listed at the bottom.

Periods

7 of them. Horizontal rows on the table. Tells you the number of electron levels (shells).

Metals

Majority of the elements in the periodic table. Have properties such as luster, conduct electricity/heat, malleable, ductile.

Nonmetals

Located in the upper right hand side of the periodic table. Do not conduct heat/electricity well, dull, brittle, not very ductile or malleable.

Metalloids (semiconductors)

Located between the metals and nonmetals. Have properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Valence electrons

of electrons in the outermost energy level.

Nucleus

Protons (+) and neutrons (no charge, neutral) are located.

Electrons

• charged particles are located in energy levels orbiting around the nucleus.

Electron levels

7 total, based on which period the element is located in.

1st electron level

Can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.

2nd electron level

Can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

3rd electron level

Can hold a maximum of 8 or 18 electrons.