AP Statistics FRQ Room

Analysis of Categorical Data from Elections

A recent survey sampled 1000 voters to determine their preferred candidate in a local election. The

Bus Scheduling and Commuter Wait Times

A city transit authority is investigating whether optimizing bus schedules can reduce average commut

Car Fuel Efficiency Test

A study measures the fuel efficiency of a sample of 50 cars. The sample has a mean miles per gallon

Categorical Data Analysis: Survey on Preferred School Year Length

A survey of 2000 parents asked about their preference for the length of the school year. The respons

Central Limit Theorem Verification via Simulation

A researcher has a negatively skewed population and uses simulation to draw 1000 samples of size $$n

Comparative Analysis using Stem Plot and Histogram

Two groups of students took a standardized test. Group A's scores have a five-number summary: minimu

Customer Coffee Satisfaction Interval

A coffee shop surveys 50 customers to rate their satisfaction on a scale from 1 to 10. The sample ha

Customer Service Call Duration

Customer service call durations are approximately normally distributed with a mean of $$8$$ minutes

Daily Caloric Intake Data Analysis

A nutrition study collected data on the daily caloric intake of 170 individuals. The results, broken

Effect of Skewness on the Sampling Distribution of the Mean

A company tracks daily website visits which are heavily right-skewed. A data analyst simulates drawi

Effects of Multiplicative Transformations on Test Scores

A data set representing test scores is given as follows: {45, 55, 67, 73, 82, 88, 90}. Answer the fo

Employee Salary Adjustments

A company’s six employee salaries (in dollars) are as follows: {3000, 7000, 15000, 22000, 23000, 380

Impact of an Outlier on Summary Statistics

Consider the data set $$\{4, 5, 6, 7, 50\}$$. Answer the following:

Impact of Incentives on Survey Participation

A market survey was carried out with two groups: one received an incentive and the other did not. In

Interpreting a Dot Plot of Daily Coffee Consumption

A dot plot summarizes the number of cups of coffee consumed per day by individuals in a small office

Investigative Task: Public Park Usage Study

A city park department seeks to understand how weather conditions affect park attendance. They plan

Lottery Ticket Analysis

The probability of winning on a single lottery ticket is $$0.001$$. A person buys tickets one after

Measures of Variability in Teacher Ages

The ages of 12 mathematics teachers at a high school are: {24, 25, 25, 29, 34, 37, 41, 42, 48, 48, 5

Medication Efficacy in Reducing Blood Pressure

A research team is designing an experiment to evaluate the efficacy of a new preventative medication

NBA Wins: Analyzing Back-to-Back Stem Plots

A back-to-back stem plot displays the number of wins for NBA teams from the Eastern and Western Conf

New Product Defects

A new product is manufactured with a defect rate of $$0.01$$. In each production batch containing 50

Nutrition Study: Effects of Diet on Weight Loss

A nutritionist intends to study whether different diets lead to different average weight losses over

Parent Survey on School Length

A survey of 2000 parents asked which school year length they preferred. The following table summariz

Remote Learning Preference in High Schools

Two high schools surveyed their students regarding their preference for remote learning. In School A

Restaurant Preference and Time Slot

A survey of 200 diners asked about their restaurant choice (Restaurant A or Restaurant B) and the ti

Sampling Distribution and Confidence Interval Implications for Household Incomes

A sociologist is studying household incomes, which are right-skewed. The sociologist uses a simulati

Sampling Distribution of the Median in a Skewed Production Process

A factory produces components whose lifespans (in hours) are right-skewed due to occasional defects.

Shopping Satisfaction: Online vs. In-Store

A retail chain surveyed its customers to compare satisfaction between online shoppers and in-store s

Social Media Engagement Analysis

A social media post is viewed by 200 users, and each user independently has a 5% chance of liking th

Sports Performance: Basketball Free Throws

A basketball player makes free throws with a success probability of 75%. In a game, she attempts 20

Student Test Scores Improvement

A teacher implemented a new teaching method and collected exam scores from 35 students. The sample d

Teacher Age Distribution Analysis

The ages (in years) of 12 mathematics teachers are given as follows: {24, 25, 25, 29, 34, 37, 41, 42

University Course Selection by Gender

A university survey of 300 students recorded their course selection (STEM or Humanities) and gender

Water Filtration Systems and Water Quality

A city planning department is studying the impact of different water filtration systems on the quali

Analysis of Marketing Campaign Data: Sales vs. Advertisements

A company conducted a marketing campaign across several regions and recorded the amount spent on adv

Assessment of Internet Usage and Academic Performance

A study examines the relationship between the number of hours college students spend online per day

Call Duration Analysis in a Service Center

In a call center, call durations (in minutes) are normally distributed with a mean of $$3$$ minutes

Clinic Survey on Treatment Outcomes

A clinical trial was conducted to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Two treatment protocols were adm

College Major by Gender

A study was conducted at a college to examine the relationship between major category and gender. St

Comparing Effectiveness of Educational Workshops

An educational organization wants to compare the effectiveness of two types of workshops: traditiona

Comparing Regression Lines for Calorie Consumption in Two Groups

A study compares the relationship between body weight (x) and calorie burn (y) for two groups: men a

Comparing Regression Lines With and Without an Influential Point

A company collected data on its monthly sales (Y, in millions of dollars) and advertising spending (

Contingency Table Analysis: Cuteness Factor Study

In a study on the Cuteness Factor, 250 volunteers were shown pictures from three categories: Cute An

Customer Return Rates for Two Brands

A market research firm collected data on customer return behavior for two competing clothing brands.

E-Commerce Site Traffic and Revenue Analysis

An e-commerce website collected data on daily visitor counts (x) and corresponding sales revenue in

Elderly Health Program Evaluation

An evaluation was carried out to assess whether participation in a health program by elderly individ

Food Safety Inspections in Restaurants

In a restaurant chain, historical data show that 10% of health inspections result in a violation. In

Green Energy Adoption and Energy Savings

Data from 35 households were analyzed to study the relationship between the percentage of energy fro

Highway Traffic Flow and Accident Rates

A study examined 25 highways to investigate the relationship between average daily traffic flow (x,

Housing Prices and Home Size

A study of 40 houses produced the regression equation $$\hat{y}=50+0.15x$$ predicting house price (i

Housing Prices and Square Footage Analysis

A real estate analyst collected data on various houses regarding their square footage (in square fee

Impact of Study Methods on Test Performance

A university is interested in determining the effect of different study methods on students' perform

Job Training and Post-Training Wages

A job training program collected data from 30 participants on the number of training hours (x) and p

Neighborhood Safety Survey

A community survey collected data on residents' sense of safety based on their neighborhood type (Ur

Online Course Enrollment Prediction

A university is analyzing the effect of the number of online advertisements (x) on online course enr

Quality Control in Manufacturing

A factory produces light bulbs and historically 5% of bulbs are defective. A quality control inspect

Restaurant Order Survey

A restaurant surveyed 140 customers to see if there was any association between meal type (Vegetaria

Sampling Distribution of the Coefficient of Determination (\(r^2\)) via Simulation

Researchers study the relationship between study time and exam scores and want to understand the sam

Simulating the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean in Bivariate Data

A study collects data on the number of study hours (x) and exam scores (y) for 100 students. Researc

Simulation Study for Confidence Intervals in Linear Regression Predictions

A marketing analyst uses simulation to assess the performance of confidence intervals in predicting

Smartphone Brand Loyalty

A market survey examined customer satisfaction across three smartphone brands (Brand X, Brand Y, and

Social Media Engagement Analysis

A study examines the relationship between the number of posts an individual makes per day (x) and th

Social Media Use and Online Privacy

In a study on digital behavior, participants were surveyed about their level of social media usage (

Student-Teacher Ratio and Academic Performance

A school district collected data on 20 schools regarding their student-teacher ratio (x) and the ave

Training Hours and Error Rates in Manufacturing

A manufacturing firm collected data for 50 employees on the number of training hours received (x) an

Urban Noise and Sleep Quality Study

A study investigated the impact of urban noise level (measured in decibels, x) on individuals' self‐

Voting Behavior and Media Consumption

A political analyst surveyed 300 individuals to study the relationship between media consumption and

Wait Time and Meal Satisfaction

A restaurant collected data from 40 customers on their wait time (in minutes) and meal satisfaction

Website A/B Testing for Click-Through Rates

A technology company is testing two versions of its website (Version A and Version B) to see which o

Academic Performance: Hours Studied and Test Scores

In a high school, a teacher investigates the relationship between the number of hours students study

Adverse Reaction Probability in a Drug Trial

In a clinical trial for a new drug, each patient has a 5% chance of an adverse reaction. In a sample

Assessing the Impact of Sampling Bias through Simulation

A researcher suspects that a nonrandom sampling method may introduce bias into estimates of a popula

Cluster Sampling in Educational Research

A researcher wants to study academic performance across a large school district. The district is div

Cluster Sampling in Educational Research

A school district administrator wants to assess students' attitudes toward a new curriculum. To redu

Comparative Simulation of the Mean and Median Sampling Distributions

A researcher simulates 1000 samples of size $$n = 30$$ from a moderately skewed population and calcu

Comparing Test Scores Between Two Teaching Methods

A school is evaluating two different teaching methods. Group A, using Teaching Method A, had 25 stud

Comprehensive Analysis of Consumer Behavior in Response to Online Advertisements

A consumer goods company wants to study how online advertisements influence purchasing behavior. The

Consumer Preferences for Coffee Types

A survey was conducted in a city to understand coffee type preferences among residents from differen

Effectiveness of Stress Reduction Methods: Yoga vs. Meditation

A wellness center studied the effectiveness of yoga and meditation on reducing stress. In the yoga g

Efficacy of a Mobile App for Tracking Physical Activity

A study compared the effectiveness of a mobile app in helping users meet their daily step goals. In

Employee Job Satisfaction Survey

A company surveyed employees across three departments (Sales, HR, IT) regarding their job satisfacti

Estimating Average Park Visit Duration

A study is conducted to assess the average length of time (in minutes) that visitors spend at a loca

Evaluating Bias in a Sampling Process: Voluntary Survey

A city council conducts a voluntary online survey regarding community safety. Out of 150 responses,

Examining Study Habits and Academic Performance

A college conducts a study using stratified sampling among freshmen, sophomores, and juniors to anal

Exercise Frequency and Cholesterol Levels

A study investigates the relationship between the number of hours of exercise per week (x) and total

Experimental Design: Evaluating a Review Course for SAT Scores

A study aims to evaluate whether a new SAT review course improves student scores. Students are rando

Heart Rate Recovery and Fitness Level

In a cardiovascular fitness study, researchers examine if higher fitness levels (measured by a fitne

Identifying and Mitigating Response Bias in a Health Survey

An online health survey asks participants about sensitive lifestyle behaviors such as alcohol consum

Impact of a Training Program on Employee Productivity

A company measured employee productivity before and after a new training program. Two independent sa

Implementing Simple Random Sampling

A researcher has a list of 500 registered voters and wants to conduct a survey about voter preferenc

Interpreting a Scatterplot from a Survey on Sleep and Test Scores

A study surveys high school students regarding their average nightly sleep (in hours) and their most

Observational Study Versus Experiment in Healthcare

A hospital wants to study the impact of a new dietary program on diabetic patients’ blood glucose le

Physical Activity Levels by Region

A health study surveyed residents in different regions to assess their physical activity levels (cat

Predicting Car Mileage from Engine Size

A study of 80 cars investigates the relationship between engine size (in liters, x) and fuel efficie

Retrospective Study Analysis on a Health Outbreak

Epidemiologists are conducting a retrospective study on a past health outbreak by analyzing existing

School Lunch Programs and Student Health

A school district implemented a new lunch program designed to improve student health. A study is con

Simulating the Sampling Distribution from a Skewed Distribution

A fast food restaurant is interested in the waiting times (in minutes) of its customers, which are p

Smartphone Usage and Sleep Quality

Examine the relationship between smartphone usage and sleep quality among college students. Research

Smoking Impact on Lung Capacity: Regression Study

Researchers are investigating the relationship between the number of years a person has smoked (x) a

Survey Design: Improving Question Wording

A market research company is designing a survey for a new product but finds that several questions m

Using Random Digit Tables in Clinical Studies

In designing a clinical study, researchers decide to use a random digit table to select a simple ran

Voter Behavior: Support for Policy X Among Different Age Groups

A political survey measured support for Policy X among two age groups. In a sample of 150 young vote

Water Quality and Fish Populations: Regression Analysis

An ecologist is studying the effect of water quality on fish populations in lakes. The regression an

Charity Lottery Expected Outcome

A charity sells 10,000 lottery tickets at $1 each with one prize of $7500. Let $$X$$ represent the n

Coffee Consumption and Alertness Level Regression Analysis

A study examines the influence of coffee consumption (number of cups per day) on an individual's ale

Coin Flip Game Strategies

In a game show, contestants face two different coin flip challenges. In Challenge A, you win if the

Comparing Daily Sales between Two Store Locations

Two retail stores report their average daily sales. Store 1 has a sample size of 40, with a mean dai

Employee Turnover Comparison in Two Departments

A company collected data on employee retention in two departments. In Department X, 45 out of 60 emp

Event Planning and Rainy Days: Binomial Analysis

An event planner considers a month of 30 days where the probability of a rainy day is $$0.3$$, indep

Hospital ER Wait Times

A hospital is interested in assessing the average wait time in its emergency room. In a random sampl

Influence of Diet on Blood Pressure

A nutritionist is investigating how different dietary plans—specifically, low-carb, Mediterranean, a

Manufacturing Process Downtime

A factory records daily machine downtime (in hours) due to equipment failures according to the follo

Manufacturing Quality Control for Defects

A factory produces electronic components, and historically the defect rate is expected to be less th

Medical Trial for a New Drug

A pharmaceutical company is conducting a clinical trial to test the efficacy of a new drug in reduci

Online Shopping Behavior by Time of Visit

An e-commerce website collected data on visitor behavior during different times of the day. The tabl

Parental Involvement and Child's Academic Performance Regression Analysis

A study examines the effect of parental involvement (measured in hours per week) on a child's academ

Quality Control in Manufacturing

A factory produces items with a defect probability of $$0.05$$ per item. Items are produced in batch

Quality Control in Manufacturing

A factory produces widgets, each having an independent 5% chance of being defective. Quality control

Reading Preferences by Genre and Format

A survey was conducted on reading preferences among 300 respondents. The survey collected data on pr

Sampling Distribution of the Interquartile Range (IQR) via Simulation

A simulation is performed to calculate the interquartile range (IQR) for samples drawn from a non-no

Satellite Data and Weather Forecast Accuracy Regression Analysis

A meteorologist analyzes the impact of satellite observation quality (rated on a scale from 0 to 10)

Simulated Distribution of Sample Proportions with a Biased Coin

A simulation uses a biased coin with a probability of heads $$p = 0.8$$. In each simulation run, the

Simulating the Expected Value in a Lottery Game

Consider a lottery game with payouts given by the following probabilities: $$P(\$2)=0.5$$, $$P(\$5)=

Simulation Analysis of Measurement Process Reliability

In a laboratory setting, a measurement instrument with known error characteristics is used to record

Software Use in Organizations

A survey of 230 organizations recorded the primary operating system used in different departments. T

Suit Name Letter Count

A card is drawn from a standard 52-card deck. Let the random variable $$X$$ be the number of letters

Tip Amounts from Different Meal Services

At a restaurant, a waiter receives tips from two independent services. For lunch, the tip is modeled

Transportation and Work Patterns Survey

A survey of 500 people recorded their preferred mode of transportation and work location (Remote or

Understanding the Central Limit Theorem through Simulation

A simulation is performed where samples are drawn from various non-normal populations (for example,

University Admissions Multistage Process

A university's admissions process consists of two independent stages. A student first undergoes a sc

Urban Traffic Volume and Air Quality

City officials are studying the impact of traffic volume on air quality across several neighborhoods

Urban Traffic Volume and Air Quality Regression Analysis

A city planner studies the relationship between daily traffic volume (in thousands of vehicles) and

Website Redesign and Sales Conversion Rates

A company tested its website performance before and after a redesign. The old design resulted in 90

Assessing Bias in Weight Measurements

A shipping company is evaluating three different types of scales (A, B, and C) for measuring package

Caffeine Content Analysis in Energy Drink Boxes

An energy drink contains caffeine distributed with a mean of 200 mg and a standard deviation of 10 m

Caffeine Content in Energy Drinks

A particular energy drink contains an average of $$200$$ mg of caffeine with a standard deviation of

Coffee Bean Package Weight Analysis

A coffee company packages its coffee in bags. The weight of a coffee bag is normally distributed wit

Comparing Average Temperatures in Two Cities

City A has an average temperature of 70°F with a standard deviation of 5°F based on a sample of 50 d

Comparing Biased Estimators via Simulation Outcomes

A simulation study compares two estimators for a population parameter. Estimator A has a constant bi

Comparing Durability of Lightbulbs

A study was conducted to compare the longevity of light bulbs manufactured by two different factorie

Constructing a 95% Confidence Interval for Battery Lifetime

A quality control study tests the lifetimes of batteries. A random sample of 50 batteries has a samp

Difference in Sample Proportions: Restaurant Experiment

In an experiment to study the effects of environment on eating habits, scientists revamped one of tw

Differences in Genetic Mutations by Age

A study investigates the number of genetic mutations contributed by fathers of different ages. For 4

Effect of New Teaching Method on Student Scores

A school district is testing a new teaching method. Two groups of students are studied: a control gr

Estimating Average Commute Time

A study suggests that the average commute time in a metropolitan area is $$\mu = 30$$ minutes with a

Evaluating Customer Satisfaction Proportions

A restaurant chain wants to compare customer satisfaction between two of its locations. At Restauran

Financial Returns: Biased vs. Unbiased Estimators

Investment analysts use two estimators to predict the expected return of a financial asset. Estimato

Graduation Rates by Gender

In a large school district, the graduation rate for girls is known to be 90%, while for boys it is 8

Naked Mole Rat Life Expectancy

The life expectancy of naked mole rats is normally distributed with a mean of $$\mu = 21$$ years and

One-Sample vs. Two-Sample Sampling Distributions

A study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of a new teaching method. Two groups of 40 students

Regression Analysis and Inference in a Health Study

A health study investigates the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and systolic blood pressu

Sample Proportion Variability in Customer Preference Studies

Two separate studies examine customer preference for a new product. Study 1 finds 60% preference in

Sample Variance Distribution in Produce Weights

A study measures the weights of produce, where the population variance is known to be $$16$$ (kg^2).

Sampling Distribution for Sample Means: Caffeine Content in Energy Drinks

An energy drink has its caffeine content normally distributed with a mean of $$\mu = 200$$ mg and a

Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions in a Survey

A survey indicates that 65% of viewers prefer streaming TV over cable. A random sample of 150 viewer

Simulation of Dream Recall Sampling Distribution

A study records the number of dreams high school students remember each night. The population median

Simulation of Sampling Distributions: Dreams Recorded

A study finds that high school students remember an average of 3.4 dreams per night with a variance

Simulation of the 90th Percentile

A study simulates the sampling distribution of the 90th percentile from a non-normal distribution. A

Stock Returns Probability Calculation

Assume that annual stock returns are normally distributed with a population mean of 8% (0.08) and a

Comparing Satisfaction Between Two Stores

A retail chain wants to compare customer satisfaction between two of its stores. In Store A, 150 cus

Confidence Interval for Social Media Users

A survey was conducted on 800 individuals to assess daily social media usage. Out of 800 respondents

Consumer Preference: Hypothesis Testing for a Single Proportion

A company claims that at least 40% of consumers prefer its new product. In a sample of 250 consumers

Customer Satisfaction Survey by Region

A retail company conducted a customer satisfaction survey in two regions, North and South. Responses

Government Policy Approval Confidence Interval

A polling organization surveyed 800 voters to measure the approval of a recent government policy. Am

Impact of Training Program on Certification Rates

A company implemented a training program to improve certification rates among its employees. In a ra

Implications of Errors in a Safety Inspection

A company's quality control department conducts a safety inspection of a new car model. The manufact

Marketing Strategies: Hypothesis Testing for Two Proportions

A company is comparing the response rates of two marketing campaigns. In Campaign A, 80 out of 250 c

Marketing Survey: Brand Loyalty Across Regions

A marketing survey compares brand loyalty across two regions. In Region 1, 210 out of 300 respondent

Medical Study: Confidence Interval for Treatment Success

In a clinical trial, 150 patients received a new treatment and 120 showed improvement. Construct a 9

Medical Trial: Comparing Treatment and Control

A clinical trial compares the effectiveness of a new treatment with a placebo. In the treatment grou

Nutrition Labeling Impact Study

A government agency implements a policy requiring prominent nutritional labels on packaged foods. A

Online Advertising Impact Study

An online retailer wishes to study whether exposure to a particular digital advertisement increases

Planning a Comparative Survey

A researcher intends to conduct a survey comparing two groups and wants to detect a minimum differen

Product Defect Rates in Manufacturing

A manufacturing plant operates two production lines. Line A produced 1000 items with a defect rate o

Public Health: Influenza Vaccination Rates

A public health study compares influenza vaccination rates between urban and rural areas. In urban a

Social Media Engagement: Effect of Advertisement on Conversion

An online advertisement campaign tested two different ad designs. For Ad 1, out of 400 views, 80 res

Study Habits and Course Success

A professor surveyed 200 students regarding their study habits and exam performance. It was found th

Survey Analysis: Confidence Interval for College Students' Online Class Preference

A survey of college students was conducted to estimate the proportion of students who prefer online

Urban vs. Rural: Survey on Public Transportation Usage

A survey was conducted to compare the use of public transportation between urban and rural residents

Comparing New Drug Efficacy

A pharmaceutical study compares two medications for lowering blood pressure. Group 1 (Drug A) consis

Customer Satisfaction Survey

A popular online retailer claims an average customer satisfaction rating of 8.5 (on a 10-point scale

Diet Choice and Energy Levels

A nutritionist investigates whether there is an association between diet type (Vegetarian vs. Omnivo

Drug Effectiveness on Blood Pressure

In a clinical trial, 35 patients are given a new drug and their blood pressures are measured before

Effectiveness of a Diet Program: Paired Weight Loss Study

Twenty individuals participated in a 6-week diet program. Their weights were recorded before and aft

Effectiveness of Drug Treatments

A clinical trial compares two drug treatments (Drug X and Drug Y) for a certain condition. Patients

Energy Consumption Analysis

An energy company is testing the claim that the average daily electricity consumption of households

Engine Emissions Compliance

An environmental agency is monitoring engine emissions to ensure compliance with regulations that re

Gas Mileage Analysis: Confidence Interval Assessment

A manufacturer tests 12 cars of a new model. The sample yields a mean gas mileage of $$28.5$$ miles

Income Analysis for a Tech Company

A tech company wants to estimate the average annual bonus received by its employees. A survey of 22

Investigating Student Reaction Times

A psychologist studies the reaction times of 30 college students using a computerized test. The meas

Manufacturer's Claim on Product Weight

A manufacturer claims that its product has an average weight of 50 grams. A study measuring 40 produ

Paired SAT Score Improvement

An SAT prep course reports that its students improved their scores. In a sample of 30 students, the

Production Time and Number of Defects Analysis

The scatterplot below displays data on production time in minutes (x-axis) and the number of defects

Recovery Rates in Two Hospitals

A study compares recovery rates between two hospitals. Patients are classified as 'Recovered' or 'No

Simulation from a Bimodal Population

A researcher is studying a population that exhibits a bimodal distribution (e.g., test scores from t

Simulation of Sampling Distribution in Environmental Air Quality

An environmental scientist conducts a simulation study to analyze the sampling distribution of the a

Voting Behavior and Political Affiliation

A study analyzes voting behavior among members of two political parties, Party A and Party B. The da

Advertising Channels Effectiveness: Homogeneity Test

A company wants to determine if the effectiveness of three advertising channels (TV, Online, Print)

Analysis of Dietary Habits

A nutrition study investigates whether dietary preferences are homogeneous across four regions. The

Book Genre Popularity Study

A survey by a local library aims to determine if the popularity of book genres matches the library's

Branch Service Quality

A bank is comparing customer satisfaction across its three branches. Each branch serviced 100 custom

Brand Preference Across Age Groups – Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A survey was conducted to determine the preferred soft drink brand (Brand X, Brand Y, Brand Z) among

Car Color and Accident Involvement: Independence Test

An insurance company collects data on car color and accident involvement among 500 policyholders. Th

College Major and Part-Time Job: Independence Test

A study examines the association between college major and part-time job status. The data collected

Customer Complaint Categories – Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

A customer service center categorizes complaints into four types: Billing, Technical, Service, and O

Customer Satisfaction Across Regions

A retail chain conducted a survey to assess customer satisfaction in three different regions: North,

Diet and Exercise Frequency: Independence Test

A health study of 240 participants recorded data on diet quality (Healthy, Unhealthy) and exercise f

Diet Preference Among Athletes

In a study, three groups of athletes (Football, Basketball, Soccer) were surveyed regarding their di

Dietary Preferences Across Regions

A nutrition study surveyed residents from three cities to determine their dietary preferences: Veget

Dietary Preferences Among Age Groups: Chi-Square Test for Independence

Nutritionists surveyed 300 individuals to examine if dietary preference (Vegetarian, Non-Vegetarian)

Evaluating Student Performance: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit in Grades Distribution

A large high school believes that the distribution of final letter grades (A, B, C, D, F) on a stand

Examining Health Outcomes by Smoking Status

Researchers are interested in determining if there is an association between smoking status and heal

FRQ 2: Association Between Smoking Behavior and Gender

A public health survey collected data on smoking status and gender from 150 individuals. The observe

FRQ 6: Association Between Diet and Heart Disease Risk

A study investigates whether there is an association between diet type and heart disease risk. The s

FRQ 16: Association Between Marital Status and Voting Behavior

A study examines whether marital status is associated with voting behavior for Party X versus Party

Goodness-of-Fit Test for Dice Fairness

A six-sided die is suspected of being biased. In an experiment of 120 rolls, the observed frequencie

Goodness-of-Fit Test in Marketing Campaign Response

A company’s marketing campaign is expected to yield customer reactions in five groups with the follo

Independence of Smoking and Lung Disease

A public health survey collected data from 300 participants to investigate the relationship between

Music Genre Preferences Across Cities – Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A market research firm surveyed residents in four different cities (City A, City B, City C, City D)

Online Shopping Preference by Age Group

A survey of 330 consumers examines the preference for online shopping platforms among different age

Product Packaging Preference Across Regions

A company wants to verify if the color preference for product packaging is consistent across three d

Quality Control Across Production Lines – Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A company monitors the quality of items produced by three production lines. In monthly samples of 15

Restaurant Menu Distribution Analysis

A popular restaurant chain claims that the distribution of orders among four cuisine types (Italian,

Shopping Behavior: Online vs. In-store by Age Group

Researchers want to examine if shopping mode (Online vs. In-store) is related to age group. The surv

Smoking and Exercise Frequency Independence Test

A health survey categorizes individuals by smoking status (Smoker, Non-Smoker) and exercise frequenc

Student Extracurricular Activities: Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

A high school believes that student interest in extracurricular activities (Sports, Music, Drama, Cl

Subscription Plans and Customer Region – Chi-Square Test for Independence

A streaming service collects data on customer region (North, South, East, West) and their chosen sub

Transportation Mode Preferences: Homogeneity Test in City vs. Suburban Areas

An urban planner surveyed residents in a city and a suburban area about their preferred transportati

Type of Transportation and Commute Satisfaction

A survey of 530 commuters collected data on their primary mode of transportation (Car, Bus, Bike, Wa

Voter Preferences Among Four Candidates – Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

An election poll of 800 voters reports the following counts for four candidates: Candidate A: 220, C

Advertising Budget and Store Revenue: Chain Comparison

A retail company analyzed the effect of advertising spending (in thousands of dollars) on monthly st

Altitude and Cooking Time

Researchers are studying the effect of altitude ($$x$$, in meters) on cooking time ($$y$$, in minute

Effects of Weather on Tourist Visits

The city tourism board collected data to study the relationship between daily high temperature (in °

Elevation and Atmospheric Pressure

Atmospheric scientists study the relationship between elevation ($$x$$, in meters) and atmospheric p

Employee Salary and Years of Experience

A human resources analyst uses years of experience (x) to predict annual salary in thousands of doll

Exercise Time and Calorie Burn

A fitness app tracks the number of minutes spent exercising (x) and the number of calories burned (y

Fuel Efficiency and Car Weight

An automotive researcher is examining the relationship between a car's weight (in pounds) and its fu

Hours Practiced and Musical Performance Score

A music teacher is interested in whether the number of hours practiced per week is related to a stud

House Price Prediction Simulation

A real estate analyst is studying the relationship between house price (in $\$\,$ thousands) and squ

Housing Price Estimation

A real estate analyst examines the relationship between the age of a house (in years) and its price

Manufacturing Quality Control: Regression Parameter Optimization Simulation

A quality control engineer is analyzing the relationship between machine operating speed (in m/s) an

Practice Time and Music Performance Skill

A study investigates the effect of weekly practice hours ($$x$$) on a music performance skill score

Predicting Student Performance with Attendance Rates

A teacher collects data on student attendance rates (x, in percentage) and corresponding performance

Relationship Between Exercise Time and Cholesterol

A health study examines the relationship between weekly hours spent exercising (x) and cholesterol l

Robotics and Efficiency

A robotics company collects data from 15 production lines to examine the relationship between the nu

Sports Performance: Practice Time vs Shooting Accuracy

A basketball coach investigates how weekly practice hours affect shooting accuracy percentages among

Temperature and Ice Cream Truck Sales

An ice cream truck owner analyzes the relationship between the daily temperature (x, in °F) and ice

Temperature Effects on Motor Speed

An engineer investigates the effect of ambient temperature ($$x$$, in $$^\circ C$$) on motor speed (

Weekly Study Hours vs Exam Scores

A study evaluated the effect of weekly study hours on exam scores (out of 100) for a statistics cour

Years of Experience and Salary Increase

A study investigated the relationship between years of job experience (x) and annual salary (in thou