AP Statistics FRQ Room

Advertisement Design Impact on Customer Recall

A marketing company wants to test whether two different advertisement designs lead to differences in

AP Course Enrollment Among High School Seniors

A survey of 2200 high school seniors collected data on the number of AP classes they are taking. The

BMI and Blood Pressure Regression Analysis

A study examines the relationship between body mass index ($$BMI$$) and systolic blood pressure for

Bootstrap Simulation of the Sampling Distribution of the Median Salary

Given the salary data $$\$3000$$, $$\$7000$$, $$\$15000$$, $$\$22000$$, $$\$23000$$, and $$\$38000$$

Calculating Variance and Standard Deviation for Book Counts

The numbers of books read by 10 students in a month are recorded as: {3, 4, 2, 5, 6, 4, 3, 3, 4, 5}.

Comparative Analysis using Stem Plot and Histogram

Two groups of students took a standardized test. Group A's scores have a five-number summary: minimu

Comparing Sleep Hours: High School vs College

Two surveys were conducted comparing the nightly sleep hours of high school and college students. Th

Effect of Exercise Duration on Heart Rate

A fitness study investigates the effect of exercise duration (in minutes) on a person's heart rate (

Employee Benefits Satisfaction Interval

A company conducted a survey on employee satisfaction with benefits. Out of a sample of 120 employee

Error Rates in Two Production Machines

A factory operates two machines that produce the same part. Machine A produced 300 parts with 12 def

Interface Redesign and User Engagement

A tech company is testing whether a software interface redesign leads to higher user engagement. Use

Leadership Training and Employee Satisfaction

A business management study is investigating whether participation in a leadership training workshop

Lottery Ticket Analysis

The probability of winning on a single lottery ticket is $$0.001$$. A person buys tickets one after

Online Examination Scores

Scores on an online examination are normally distributed with a mean of $$75$$ and a standard deviat

Quality Control in Manufacturing

A quality control inspector examines items on an assembly line. Each item has a 2% chance of being d

School Survey on Categorical Preferences

A high school conducted a survey of 400 students regarding their preferred school day length. The re

School Year Length Preferences Survey

A survey is conducted among 2000 parents regarding their preferred school year length. The frequency

Social Media Engagement Analysis

A social media post is viewed by 200 users, and each user independently has a 5% chance of liking th

Student Test Scores Improvement

A teacher implemented a new teaching method and collected exam scores from 35 students. The sample d

Subway Train Arrival Times

Subway wait times are normally distributed with a mean of $$5$$ minutes and a standard deviation of

Survey of Preferred Exercise Modalities

A fitness survey of 300 participants asked about their preferred type of exercise. The summary of re

Test Scores Histogram Interpretation

A histogram displays the distribution of test scores for an exam. The test score intervals and corre

Website Traffic: Click-Through Rate

An online advertisement is viewed by 250 visitors. Each visitor clicks the ad with a probability of

Analysis of Influential Points in Athlete Performance Data

A sports scientist investigates the relationship between training hours (x) and performance score (y

Analysis of Marketing Campaign Data: Sales vs. Advertisements

A company conducted a marketing campaign across several regions and recorded the amount spent on adv

Assessing Scatterplot Patterns: Nonlinear Relationships

A health study investigates the relationship between the number of hours of exercise per week (X) an

Bootstrap Simulation for the Regression Intercept's Sampling Distribution

A data analyst uses the bootstrap method to approximate the sampling distribution of the regression

Coffee Shop Sales Analysis

A local coffee shop has recorded data on daily advertising expenditure (in dollars) and the correspo

Contingency Table Analysis: Cuteness Factor Study

In a study on the Cuteness Factor, 250 volunteers were shown pictures from three categories: Cute An

Correlation between Exercise and Weight Loss

A fitness center collects data on the number of hours clients exercise per week and the weight loss

Customer Loyalty Program Analysis

A retail company collected data on the number of store visits (x) by loyalty card members and the po

Customer Service and Order Mode Inference

In a survey at a local restaurant, 70 customers ordered online and 30 ordered in-person. Among the o

Dietary Effects on Blood Pressure

A research study is being conducted to assess the effects of a low sodium diet on blood pressure amo

Effectiveness of a New Curriculum

A school district implemented a new curriculum in some of its schools and maintained the traditional

Employment Rates of College Graduates

A survey was conducted to compare the employment outcomes of graduates from two colleges. College X

Fitness Tracker: Step Count vs Active Minutes

A fitness tracking app collected data from 50 users on daily step count (in thousands) and active mi

Health Study on Diet and Activity

A health study investigated the relationship between diet type (Vegetarian vs. Non-vegetarian) and a

Interpreting the Sign and Magnitude of the Correlation Coefficient

A study examining the relationship between daily temperature (X) and ice cream sales (Y) finds a cor

Market Research: Effect of Price on Sales Volume

A company is investigating how the price of their product affects its sales volume. The collected da

Marketing Survey: Advertising Budget vs. New Customers

A marketing survey collected data on weekly advertising budget (x, in thousands of dollars) and the

Monte Carlo Simulation: Effect of Nonlinearity on Pearson's Correlation

A statistician uses Monte Carlo simulation to explore how nonlinearity in data affects the sampling

Nonparametric Alternatives to Linear Regression

Sometimes the assumptions of linear regression (such as linearity and homoscedasticity) are violated

Online Ratings and Restaurant Revenue

A restaurant chain collected data on their average online rating (x, on a 5‐point scale) and corresp

Predicting Apartment Rents

A real estate company collected data on apartment sizes (in square feet) and their monthly rents (in

Promotion Program Success Comparison

A company implemented two distinct promotional programs to boost sales. In Program 1, 92 out of 150

Quality Control in a Bakery

A bakery finds that historically 2% of its cookies are too hard. In a sample of $$100$$ cookies, let

Relationship between Advertising Spend and Sales

A company examines the effect of advertising spend (in thousands of dollars) on product sales (in th

Residual Analysis in House Price Prediction

A real estate analyst develops a linear regression model to predict house prices (in $1000s) from ho

Restaurant Service and Tipping

A restaurant manager collected data on the wait time (in minutes) experienced by customers and the c

Sampling Distribution of the Sample Range and Its Limitations via Simulation

A statistician is interested in exploring the sampling distribution of the sample range from a bivar

Simulation of the Impact of Measurement Error on the Sampling Distribution of Pearson's r

A study measures the relationship between two variables, but with varying degrees of measurement err

Simulation Study for Confidence Intervals in Linear Regression Predictions

A marketing analyst uses simulation to assess the performance of confidence intervals in predicting

Student Study Habits and GPA

A high school collects data from a random sample of 30 students to explore the relationship between

Study Hours and Exam Scores

A high school collected data on the number of hours students studied for an exam (x) and their corre

Temperature and Ice Cream Sales

A study over 30 days recorded the average daily temperature (in °F) and corresponding ice cream sale

Transformation to Achieve Linearity in Population Growth

The following data show the estimated populations (in thousands) of a city at different years: | Ye

Using Residual Plots to Assess Fit in Advertising and Sales Data

A company collects data on its weekly advertising budget (in $1000s, x) and weekly sales revenue (in

Academic Performance: Hours Studied and Test Scores

In a high school, a teacher investigates the relationship between the number of hours students study

Assessing Sampling Techniques in Market Research for a New Product

A company plans to gauge consumer preferences for a new product by sampling shoppers at a busy mall

Clinical Trial on Weight Loss Programs

A randomized controlled trial compares two weight loss programs. Program A (n = 40) results in an av

Comparing Beverage Effects on Pulse Rates

Researchers conduct an experiment to compare the effects of coffee, caffeinated cola, and herbal tea

Comparing Sampling Variability Across Methods

A study to estimate the mean age of teachers uses four different sampling methods. Ten samples are t

Customer Satisfaction in a Retail Chain

A retail chain seeks to assess customer satisfaction. The chain is divided into 5 regions. Within ea

Designing a Stratified Random Sample for Student Opinions on Distance Learning

A researcher intends to survey high school students' opinions on the transition to distance learning

Effect of Noise Levels on Sleep Quality

An environmental study investigates the association between ambient noise level (in decibels, x) and

Effect of Outliers on Sampling Distributions

In statistical analysis, outliers can notably influence the results of a study. Answer the following

Effect of Population Variability on the Sampling Distribution

A simulation study is conducted drawing samples of size $$n = 30$$ from populations with the same me

Effects of Diet Programs on Weight Loss

Researchers compared the effectiveness of two diet programs versus a Control group in achieving sign

Employee Job Satisfaction Survey

A company surveyed employees across three departments (Sales, HR, IT) regarding their job satisfacti

Estimating Average Park Visit Duration

A study is conducted to assess the average length of time (in minutes) that visitors spend at a loca

Evaluating Bias in a Sampling Process: Voluntary Survey

A city council conducts a voluntary online survey regarding community safety. Out of 150 responses,

Flu Vaccination Campaign and Illness Spread

A hospital is reviewing its flu vaccination campaign by comparing the incidence of flu among vaccina

Impact of Sample Size on Confidence Interval Width

Consider two studies estimating the mean of a population, both with a known population standard devi

Investigating Effects of Population Variability on Sampling Distributions

Two populations have the same mean $$\mu = 100$$ but different standard deviations: $$\sigma_1 = 10$

Investigating Sampling Bias in a Voluntary Response Survey on Social Media Usage

A market research firm conducts an online survey where participants voluntarily respond to questions

Matched Pairs Experiment for Diet and Exercise in Blood Pressure Study

Researchers are studying the effects of two different diets combined with varying exercise regimens

Observational Study on Dietary Habits and Exam Performance

A high school is interested in studying the relationship between students' dietary habits and their

Physical Activity Levels by Region

A health study surveyed residents in different regions to assess their physical activity levels (cat

Randomized Controlled Trial: Vaccine Efficacy

A clinical trial is conducted to evaluate a vaccine. 200 subjects receive the vaccine and 200 receiv

Retrospective Study on Environmental Exposure and Health Outcomes

A public health researcher is studying the relationship between long-term exposure to poor air quali

Sampling Distribution in Voter Polling

A polling organization is estimating the approval rating for a political candidate. Suppose the true

School Lunch Programs and Student Health

A school district implemented a new lunch program designed to improve student health. A study is con

Simulating the Effect of Sample Size on Standard Errors

A study is performed using simulation to assess how sample size affects the standard error of the sa

Smoking Impact on Lung Capacity: Regression Study

Researchers are investigating the relationship between the number of years a person has smoked (x) a

Social Media Usage and Mental Health

Researchers are studying the impact of social media usage on mental health among teenagers. A survey

Study Habits and GPA: A Regression Analysis

A university researcher is examining the relationship between students' weekly study hours (x) and t

Teaching Methods and Student Performance

A school wants to compare the effectiveness of two different teaching methods on student performance

Traffic Flow System and Commuting Times

A city is testing a new traffic flow system designed to reduce commuting times during rush hour. The

Understanding Sampling Error through Repeated Sampling

A researcher repeatedly draws independent simple random samples of size 50 from a large population w

Using a Random Digit Table for Sampling

A school intends to randomly select 15 students from a list of 120 using a random digit table. Answe

Using Random Digit Tables in Clinical Studies

In designing a clinical study, researchers decide to use a random digit table to select a simple ran

Voter Behavior: Support for Policy X Among Different Age Groups

A political survey measured support for Policy X among two age groups. In a sample of 150 young vote

Water Quality and Fish Populations: Regression Analysis

An ecologist is studying the effect of water quality on fish populations in lakes. The regression an

Weather Patterns and Traffic Accidents

City officials are investigating the relationship between adverse weather conditions and the frequen

AP Exam Score Distribution: Cumulative Probability Analysis

The table below shows the percentage of students achieving each AP exam score for a given year.

Apartment Rental Prices Estimation

A real estate researcher is studying monthly apartment rents in a metropolitan area. In a random sam

Binomial Distribution in Lightbulb Defectiveness

In a quality control test, the probability that a lightbulb is defective is $$0.1$$. Answer the foll

BMI and Systolic Blood Pressure Regression Analysis

A study investigating the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure (in

Charity Lottery Expected Value Analysis

A charity sells 10,000 lottery tickets at $$\$1$$ each. One ticket wins a prize of $$\$7500$$, while

Coffee Consumption and Alertness Level Regression Analysis

A study examines the influence of coffee consumption (number of cups per day) on an individual's ale

Coffee Shop Latte Prices

A national coffee shop chain wants to estimate the average price of lattes across its stores. A rand

Comparing Consumer Spending at Two Malls

Two shopping malls record the average spending per visitor. Mall A has a sample of 100 visitors with

Comparing Sampling Distributions Under Different Population Variabilities

A simulation is run for two populations: Population A has a low variance and Population B has a high

Customer Satisfaction Survey

A retail company conducted a customer satisfaction survey both online and in-store. The results are

Defect Rate Comparison between Two Factories

A manufacturing company is studying defect rates in two of its factories. Factory 1 produced 1000 it

Effects of Outliers on Sampling Distributions

A simulation study involves drawing samples from a dataset that contains outliers. For each sample,

Evaluating a New Teaching Technique in High School

A school district is testing a new interactive teaching technique against the traditional method. Ce

Fitness Center Membership Duration

A fitness center wishes to estimate how long its members typically stay subscribed. A random sample

Fuel Efficiency Comparison between Two Vehicle Models

An automotive study compared the fuel efficiency of two car models. Model X was tested on 30 cars, y

Highway Worker Productivity

A construction team has three possible outcomes for the number of miles of highway built in a day: 4

Machine Failures in a Factory: A Binomial Approach

In a factory setting, each machine fails with a probability of $$0.05$$ on a given day, independentl

Medical Treatment Recovery Rates Comparison

A clinical trial compared two treatments for a particular medical condition. Treatment A was adminis

Sales Calls Geometric Distribution

A salesperson makes calls until she gets her first sale. The probability of getting a sale on any gi

Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean from a Normal Population

A simulation experiment draws repeated random samples from a normally distributed population with $$

Simulated Sampling Distribution of the Sample Variance

A simulation is conducted by drawing samples from a normal distribution with $$\mu = 20$$ and $$\sig

Simulating Clinical Trial Successes

A new drug has a success probability of 0.65. In a clinical trial, 30 patients are treated independe

Simulation Analysis of Measurement Process Reliability

In a laboratory setting, a measurement instrument with known error characteristics is used to record

Suit Name Letter Count

A card is drawn from a standard 52-card deck. Let the random variable $$X$$ be the number of letters

TV Advertising and Product Demand Regression Analysis

A company analyzes the relationship between TV advertising spending (in thousand dollars) and produc

Understanding the Central Limit Theorem through Simulation

A simulation is performed where samples are drawn from various non-normal populations (for example,

Urban Traffic Volume and Air Quality Regression Analysis

A city planner studies the relationship between daily traffic volume (in thousands of vehicles) and

Weather Temperature and Ice Cream Sales Regression Analysis

A vendor investigates the relationship between daily temperature (in °F) and ice cream sales (in dol

Website Redesign and Sales Conversion Rates

A company tested its website performance before and after a redesign. The old design resulted in 90

Analyzing Maximum Temperatures in City A

A meteorological study collected the maximum daily temperatures over a 40-day period in City A. The

Assessing the Conditions for the Central Limit Theorem

A production facility records the number of widgets produced per day by a machine. The daily product

Biased Estimator in Manufacturing

In a factory, two different devices (Device X and Device Y) are used to measure the length of metal

Caffeine Content in Energy Drink Boxes

An energy drink manufacturer advertises that each bottle contains on average 200 mg of caffeine with

Car Engine Performance Analysis

In a quality control study, car engine performance scores are normally distributed with a mean of 90

Comparing Average Temperatures in Two Cities

City A has an average temperature of 70°F with a standard deviation of 5°F based on a sample of 50 d

Comparing Durability of Lightbulbs

A study was conducted to compare the longevity of light bulbs manufactured by two different factorie

Comparing Juice Bottling Process

A juice company compares its bottling process with that of a competitor. A random sample of 50 bottl

Confidence Interval and Sampling Distribution in Height Estimation

A researcher aims to estimate the average height of college students with a margin of error of $$1$$

Critical Values for Beverage Fill Weights

A beverage company claims that its bottles contain 1 liter of liquid on average with a standard devi

Differences in Sample Means for Weight Loss Program

In a weight loss study, two groups are compared. Group A (n = 35) follows a new diet and has a sampl

Estimator Evaluation in Baseball Manufacturing

In a quality control study for manufacturing professional baseballs (true mean weight = $$146$$ gram

Evaluating Bias in Strength Estimation

A manufacturing process for components uses a new estimator to measure average component strength. A

Evaluating Math Anxiety and Brain Activity

Research estimates that 80% of individuals with high math anxiety exhibit brain activity consistent

Graduation Rates by Gender

In a large school district, the graduation rate for girls is known to be 90%, while for boys it is 8

Lightbulb Life Expectancy Analysis

A particular brand of lightbulb has a lifespan that is approximately normally distributed with a mea

Normal Distribution Calculation: Component Lifespan

A certain machine component has a lifespan that is approximately normally distributed with mean $$\m

Political Opinion Poll on Policy Support

A political opinion poll was conducted to determine the relationship between political affiliation a

Quality Control in Manufacturing: Sampling Distribution of Mean Weight

A factory produces metal rods with a mean weight of $$100$$ grams and a standard deviation of $$5$$

Regression Analysis and Inference in a Health Study

A health study investigates the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and systolic blood pressu

Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions in Math Anxiety Study

A recent study estimates that 80% of people with high math anxiety experience brain activity similar

Sampling Distribution for Sample Proportions: Political Polling

In a political opinion poll, it is estimated that 55% of voters support a certain policy. A random s

Sampling Distribution of the Maximum: Weather Temperature Extremes

A climatologist is studying daily maximum temperatures in a city. The theoretical population maximum

Simulated Sampling Distribution for Eco-Friendly Vehicle Mileage

An automobile manufacturer tests its eco-friendly vehicles whose fuel efficiency (in miles per gallo

Simulation Study of Income Medians

A researcher studies household incomes, which are heavily right-skewed. The population has a median

Social Media Use and Sleep Duration

Researchers investigated the impact of social media use on sleep duration. Two independent groups we

Student Performance and Study Techniques

A study compared two study methods: using flashcards versus summarization. In the flashcards group (

Using TI-84 Functions for Normal Probability

Assume that a dataset follows a normal distribution with mean $$\mu = 75$$ and standard deviation $$

Voting Behavior by Gender

A political study analyzed voting behavior based on gender. The table below displays the counts of m

Widget Lifespan Quality Control

A factory produces widgets with an average lifespan of $$500$$ hours and a standard deviation of $$2

Analyzing Election Poll Data: Estimating the Margin of Error

An election poll of 1000 voters produced a sample proportion of $$\hat{p}=0.48$$ for Candidate A. As

Business Model Customer Return Rate Comparison

A company compares two business models by examining customer return rates. For Model A, 312 out of 5

Comparing Two Teaching Methods: Confidence Interval for Difference in Proportions

A study compared the effectiveness of two teaching methods. In a sample of 150 students taught by Me

Comprehensive Analysis of Confidence and Significance in Survey Data

A political researcher conducted a two-part survey to analyze voter opinions on a new policy. The fi

Designing a Survey for Voting Behavior

A political researcher plans to estimate the proportion of voters who will support a particular cand

Effectiveness of a Public Health Intervention: Investigative Task

A public health organization is assessing the effectiveness of a new intervention aimed at increasin

Environmental Policy Opinion Poll

A survey was conducted to assess public support for a new environmental policy. In an urban area (Gr

Epidemiology Study: Difference in Disease Incidence

An epidemiological study examines disease incidence in two groups. In the exposed group (n = 400), t

Evaluating Errors in Proportion Tests for New Drug Effectiveness

In a clinical trial evaluating a new drug, the null hypothesis is that the drug has no effect on the

Health Intervention Program Effectiveness

A public health agency is evaluating a new intervention designed to increase the proportion of indiv

Hospital Safety Initiative Comparison

Two hospitals implement a safety initiative and then survey their nursing staff. In Hospital 1, 95 o

Margin of Error Analysis in a Health Survey on Vaccination Acceptance

A health department surveys 800 random individuals about their willingness to receive a new vaccine;

Opinion Poll on Environmental Policy

A survey of 600 citizens was conducted to gauge support for a new environmental policy. Out of the 6

Political Polling: Candidate Approval

Two independent polls were conducted to assess approval ratings for a political candidate. Poll 1, s

Public Health Confidence Interval

A hospital conducted a simple random sample of 500 patients to gauge satisfaction with treatment qua

Public Transit Usage

A city planning study compares the proportion of residents using public transit in two cities. City

Retail Coupon Usage Among Customers

Two retail outlets want to know if they differ in the rate of coupon usage among their customers. Ou

Social Media Campaign Engagement Analysis

A company runs a social media campaign aiming for a target engagement rate of 40%. In a sample of 60

STEM Club Gender Representation Study

A high school is investigating the proportion of female members participating in its STEM clubs. Par

Test of a Hypothesis on Voter Turnout

A political analyst claims that at least 60% of registered voters participate in elections. A sample

Testing for Change in Voter Intent Over Time

An exit poll conducted before and after a major debate shows different levels of support for Candida

Voter Preferences by Age Group

A recent survey collected data on voter preferences for two political candidates among voters in two

Accident Frequency Comparison

An assembly plant records the number of accidents per month in two independent departments over 30 m

Assessing a New Teaching Method

A study compares two teaching methods to assess their impact on student performance. In a randomized

Assessing Training Effects on Marathon Times

A sports scientist is evaluating the effect of a new training regimen on marathon finishing times. T

Average Daily Sales at a Retail Store

A retail manager records the daily sales (in thousands of dollars) over a period of 20 days. The sam

Career Development Program

A corporation has implemented a career development program and wishes to assess its impact on employ

Coffee Shop Wait Times

An urban coffee shop is interested in assessing its average customer wait time (in minutes) from pla

Computer Downtime Analysis

A sales representative suspects that his company's computers have higher average non-operational (do

Customer Wait Time in Service

A supermarket manager records the wait times (in minutes) for customers at a checkout counter. In a

Drug Effectiveness on Blood Pressure

In a clinical trial, 35 patients are given a new drug and their blood pressures are measured before

Effectiveness of a Diet Program: Paired Weight Loss Study

Twenty individuals participated in a 6-week diet program. Their weights were recorded before and aft

Fuel Efficiency of Hybrid Cars

A car manufacturer claims that its new hybrid model achieves an average fuel efficiency of at least

Gas Mileage Analysis: Confidence Interval Assessment

A manufacturer tests 12 cars of a new model. The sample yields a mean gas mileage of $$28.5$$ miles

Light Bulb Lifespan Hypothesis Test

A company advertises that its light bulbs have an average lifespan of 1200 hours. A quality control

Online Platform User Engagement

An online platform wants to compare the average daily time spent by users in two different regions.

Online Shopping and Customer Satisfaction

A retail company conducted a survey to assess customer satisfaction with its online shopping experie

Production Time and Number of Defects Analysis

The scatterplot below displays data on production time in minutes (x-axis) and the number of defects

Project Completion Times

A company is evaluating the effect of a process improvement by comparing project completion times be

Quality Control Analysis using Simulation-Based P-Value

In a manufacturing process, quality control involves monitoring the variability of a key dimension u

Quality Control in Food Packaging

A snack food company advertises that its bags contain 305 grams of product. To ensure quality, a ran

Quality Control in Production

A company tests the tensile strength of its products. A random sample of 12 items shows a sample mea

Randomized Field Experiment on Stress Reduction

A research team is interested in determining whether a mindfulness training program reduces stress l

Simulation of Sampling Distribution for Mean Crop Yield

An agricultural researcher is interested in the average crop yield (bushels per acre) of a particula

Simulation of Sampling Distribution for Mean Rainfall Amounts

A meteorologist simulates the sampling distribution of the average daily rainfall (in inches) record

Simulation of Sampling Distribution of Mean Reaction Times

In a cognitive psychology study, reaction times (in milliseconds) to a stimulus are collected. A sim

Simulation of Sampling Distribution with Measurement Error

A lab is troubleshooting a sensor that measures the weight of produced components. A simulation is c

Simulation of the Sampling Distribution for Mean Salary

A company's HR department conducts a simulation study to understand the sampling distribution of the

Study Hours and Test Scores Regression Analysis

The scatterplot below displays data on college students' study hours (x-axis) and their correspondin

Advertising Channels Effectiveness: Homogeneity Test

A company wants to determine if the effectiveness of three advertising channels (TV, Online, Print)

Analysis of Dietary Habits

A nutrition study investigates whether dietary preferences are homogeneous across four regions. The

Analyzing Website Navigation: Chi-Square Test for Independence

A study examining whether the navigation path taken on a website is related to the type of device us

Association between Exercise Frequency and Diet Type

A survey of 200 college students examines whether there is an association between exercise frequency

Book Genre Popularity Study

A survey by a local library aims to determine if the popularity of book genres matches the library's

Candy Color Distribution Goodness-of-Fit Test

A candy manufacturer claims that the distribution of candy colors in a bag is 30% red, 20% blue, 25%

Consumer Brand Preference Homogeneity Test

A consumer survey was conducted comparing brand preference for three competing brands (Brand X, Bran

Customer Complaint Categories – Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit

A customer service center categorizes complaints into four types: Billing, Technical, Service, and O

Customer Product Color Preference Analysis

A company conducts a survey on customer preferences regarding the color of a new product. The compan

Diet Preferences Among Teenagers: Goodness-of-Fit Test

A survey of 150 teenagers categorizes their diet preferences as Vegetarian, Vegan, Omnivore, and Pes

Employee Job Satisfaction by Department: Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A company surveys employees from three different departments (Sales, Engineering, HR) about job sati

Examining Political Ideology: Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A political scientist collected data on ideological self-identification (Liberal, Moderate, Conserva

Extracurricular Participation and Academic Performance Independence Test

A survey of high school students collected data on extracurricular activity participation (Yes, No)

FRQ 1: Distribution of Customer Preference for a New Snack

A snack company claims that the preferences for flavors of its new snack follow the proportions: Fla

Homogeneity in Patient Recovery Rates Across Hospitals

Three hospitals recorded recovery outcomes for a specific surgery. The outcomes are categorized as S

Learning Style and Major Association Independence Test

A college survey of 300 students categorized them by their preferred learning style (Visual, Auditor

Major Distribution Across Colleges Goodness-of-Fit Test

A university claims that the distribution of student majors is as follows: 25% Sciences, 35% Humanit

Marketing Strategy Effectiveness

A company wants to assess if customer responses vary by the type of advertisement. Three ad types (O

Observations of Wildlife Distribution

A wildlife biologist expects that four bird species in a habitat occur in equal proportions. In a su

Quality Control Across Production Lines – Chi-Square Test for Homogeneity

A company monitors the quality of items produced by three production lines. In monthly samples of 15

Race Participation in Marathon

A marathon organizer expects the racial participation to follow these percentages: Group 1 = 30%, Gr

Shopping Behavior: Online vs. In-store by Age Group

Researchers want to examine if shopping mode (Online vs. In-store) is related to age group. The surv

Socioeconomic Status and Book Reading Frequency: Independence Test

A survey of 600 individuals collects data on their socioeconomic status (Low, Medium, High) and book

Species Distribution in a Wildlife Reserve

In a wildlife reserve, the theoretical model predicts that the species distribution should be: Mamma

Sports Preferences by Gender: Chi-Square Test for Independence

A survey of 300 students recorded their preferred sport (Basketball, Soccer, Tennis) and their gende

Test for Independence: Music Preference and Age Group

A survey of 300 individuals recorded their favorite music genre (Rock, Pop, Classical) and age group

Transportation Mode Preferences: Homogeneity Test in City vs. Suburban Areas

An urban planner surveyed residents in a city and a suburban area about their preferred transportati

Voter Turnout by Age Group Homogeneity Test

A political scientist wants to compare voter turnout (Yes, No) across three age groups: Young, Middl

Biomarker Levels and Disease Severity Simulation

A biomedical study examines the relationship between blood biomarker levels (in mg/dL) and disease s

Car Fuel Efficiency and Engine Size Comparison

A study assesses the relationship between engine size (in liters) and fuel efficiency (in miles per

Coffee Consumption and Anxiety Levels

A psychologist investigates whether there is a relationship between the number of cups of coffee con

Daily Steps vs Calorie Burn

A fitness app developer examined the relationship between the number of daily steps and calorie burn

Effects of Weather on Tourist Visits

The city tourism board collected data to study the relationship between daily high temperature (in °

Fitness Tracker Study: Daily Steps and Weight Change

A fitness study examined whether daily steps (x, in thousands) predict weekly weight change (y, in p

House Price Prediction Simulation

A real estate analyst is studying the relationship between house price (in $\$\,$ thousands) and squ

Housing Price Estimation

A real estate analyst examines the relationship between the age of a house (in years) and its price

Impact of Teaching Methods on Math Performance

A school district is interested in determining whether a new teaching method improves performance on

Influence of Advertising Budget on Sales

A firm is investigating the effect of its advertising budget (in thousands of dollars) on weekly sal

Internet Speed and Streaming Buffer Time

A technology company studies the relationship between home internet speed (x, in Mbps) and streaming

Noise and Concentration Scores

Researchers are exploring the relationship between ambient noise (x, in decibels) in a study environ

Plant Growth and Fertilizer Amount

In an agricultural experiment, a researcher measured plant height (y, in cm) as a function of fertil

Predicting Student Performance with Attendance Rates

A teacher collects data on student attendance rates (x, in percentage) and corresponding performance

Real Estate Regression Analysis

A real estate analyst collected data on 30 homes to study the relationship between a home's square f

Software Development Efficiency: Lines of Code and Bug Count

A software company wants to study whether the number of lines of code written in a project is relate

Study Program Length and Post-Graduate Salary

A career advisor is studying whether the length of graduate programs (in years) is related to the me

Temperature Effect on Ice Cream Sales

An ice cream vendor recorded daily temperature (in °F) and daily ice cream sales (in dollars) over 3

Temperature Impact on Soft Drink Sales

A beverage company studies the relationship between daily high temperatures (x) and soft drink sales

Vehicle Weight and Fuel Efficiency

A study investigates the relationship between vehicle weight (in pounds) and fuel efficiency (in mil