Results for "Portugal"

• Maritime Empires: Powerful European states like Spain, Portugal, England, France, and the Netherlands that expanded overseas via naval power and colonization. • Caravel: A small, fast ship developed by the Portuguese, great for long voyages and exploration. • Astrolabe: A tool used by sailors to navigate by the stars. • Magnetic Compass: A navigation tool that always points north, improving ocean travel. • Columbian Exchange: The transfer of crops, animals, people, and diseases between the Old World (Europe, Asia, Africa) and the New World (Americas). • Triangular Trade: A system where Europe sent goods to Africa, Africa sent enslaved people to the Americas, and the Americas sent raw materials to Europe. • Middle Passage: The brutal, deadly journey of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean. • Joint-Stock Company: Businesses where investors shared profits and losses, making colonization less risky (e.g., British East India Co.). • Mercantilism: Economic system focused on building national wealth by controlling trade and colonies. • Encomienda System: Spanish labor system using Native Americans for work on plantations and in mines. • Hacienda System: Large Spanish estates that produced crops using coerced labor. • Syncretism: The blending of religions or cultures (ex: Vodun, Sikhism). • Diaspora: People leaving or being forced from their homeland and forming new communities. • Resistance Movements: Uprisings by native peoples or enslaved populations against colonial powers. Q&A: Q: What technological innovations made transoceanic travel possible? A: Caravel ships, the compass, the astrolabe, and new sailing techniques like lateen sails. Q: What were the effects of the Columbian Exchange? A: Population collapse in the Americas (due to disease), new crops in Europe (like potatoes), and new animals in the Americas (like horses). Highlights: • European empires shifted from land-based to sea-based power. • Global trade expanded. • African slave trade intensified. Conclusion: Unit 4 was all about new global connections—especially across the Atlantic and Pacific. Technology and trade built powerful empires and changed life everywhere, especially for indigenous peoples and Africans

portugal

Economia e Política de Portugal (1945-1985)

{téléchargement pdf} Le Premier Empire au Portugal 1807-1811 - Honneur et déclin

may portugal have mercy on my soul

Portugal

Texto 4: Portugal: De la crise financière à la crise politique

Relações Campo Cidade e Rede Urbana em Portugal

science; abiotic factors

WSET Level 2 - Regional maps (Spain and Portugal)

portugalin verbit

Portugalsko

Portugal/Spain

Aves Comuns de Portugal - Limícolas - under construction

Spain and Portugal lead the way

Portugal

Global Portugal

West europa vanaf portugal 3

Portugal Final Exam

United Nations : Sustainable Development Goals No Poverty: Eradicate poverty in all its forms everywhere. Zero Hunger: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture. Good Health and Well-being: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Quality Education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all. Gender Equality: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. Clean Water and Sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all. Affordable and Clean Energy: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all. Decent Work and Economic Growth: Promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure: Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation. Reduced Inequalities: Reduce inequality within and among countries. Sustainable Cities and Communities: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable Responsible Consumption and Production: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns Climate Action: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. Life Below Water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. Life on Land: Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions: Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and inclusive institutions at all levels. Partnerships for the Goals: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development. UNESCO World Hentage -Tubattana Reef -Puerto Prinsesa Subterranean River -Hamigitan Heritage Park -Baroc , Churches Of the Philippines -Cordillera Terraces -Vigan City FILIPINO TRAITS ●KAN YA KANYA or TAYO TAYO - Crab mentality ●NINGCAS COGON - magaling lang sa una ●MANANA HABIT - mamaya na lang ●ETHNO CENTRIC - superior mentality ●XENOCENTRIC - inferior mentality ●EXTREME PERSONALISM - pinipersonal ●PORMA OVER SUBSTANCE - prioritizing appearance or structure over content or substance ●REMEDYO ATTITUDE - kahit sira na inaayos parin ●CHEERFUL- Taclobanon People Wave migration theory - Beyers Core population theory - F. Landa Jocano Tabon cave - Indigenous evolution - Taboon Man( Palawan ) - Robert Fox Pre - Spanish Period Social Class Maharlika - nobles , raja , datu Timawa - Free men Alipin - may bahay ( aliping namamahay - nakatira sa banay ng amo (aliping saquiquilid.) BARANGAY 30-100 Families RELIGION PAGANISM - Polytheistic ANISM - Gun , moon BABAYLAN - mediator BATHALA - Supreme being APO LAKI - Fertility & war IDYANALE - labor and goodness ECONOMY FIRST TRADERS *Traders From Champa Vietnam - Orang Dampuan *Traders From Indonesia - Banjarmasins *Traders during Ming Dynasty - Chinese Government DATU - low maker , Leader UMALOHOKAN - town crier *FIRST SCHOOL OF PRE - COLONIAL Filipinos Bothoan - primitive / survival essentialism. *FORM OF PUNISHMENT - TRIAL BY ORDEAL > WATER > FIRE > WOUND *CUSTOMARY LAWS - Orally transmitted *COMMUNITIES MUMMIFICATION - Cordilleras / Igorots PINTA DOS - tattooed people BAYBAYIN - first system of writing ALIBATA - second system of writing Meso - cuneiform Egyptians - hieroglyphics India - Indus Script *SANDUGUAN - Sealing Friendship - blood Compact - Legaspi and Sikatuna *BETHROTAL - engagement in pre his panic era *DOWRY - originated in India. TERMS TO REMEMBER *MAI - gold in mindoro *MAKHDUM - Arab missionary who brought Islam in the philippines. *SULU - First Sultanate *ABU BAKR - Founded the First Sultanate *External Criticism - EXTERNAL/FORM - INTERNAL / CONTENT *COMING OF WEST TREATY OF TORDE SILLAS - Portugal, East, West, Spain SOCIAL CLASSES DURING THE COLONIZATION *PENINSULARES - born in spain , *MESTIZO - dugong banyaga / Foreigner . *INSULARES - born in the philippines but spanish. *PRINCIPALIA - ilustrados educated - enlightened . *INDIO - natives SPANISH POLICIES *PUEBLO - town *TRIBUTO - buwis / tax *AYUNTAMIENTO - trade center *ALCADIA - pacified *CABECCERAS - town center *REDUCCION - resettlement *CORREGIMIENTOS - unpacified *INDULTO DE COMERCIO - privilege government in trade. *BAN DALA - Product tax *POLO Y SERVICIO - Force labor *POLO WORKER - polista *FALLA - exemption fee *FRAILOCRACY government led by friars Centralized. Spanish Expeditions Magellan's expedition: Set sail in 1519 to find spices in the Moluccas.  Garcia Jofre Loaisa's expedition: Set sail in 1525 to settle the Philippines.  Sebastian Cabot's expedition: Set sail in 1526 to settle the Philippines.  Alvaro de Saavedra's expedition: Set sail in 1527 to settle the Philippines.  Ruy López de Villalobos' expedition: Set sail in 1542 to settle the Philippines.  *Magellan first to circumnavigate the earth but died in the Philippines during his voyage because of Lapu-lapu. first sandugoan member in the Philippines. archipelago of St. Lazarus Order of Missionaries Augustinians Franciscans Dominicans Recollects Benedicts Belief in God through "Faith" - Augustine Belief in God through "Reasons" - Thomas Royal Audencia - supreme court Cabessa de Barangay - tax collector MAGELLAN'S EXPEDITION-March 16 , 1521 Writer - Pigafietta Interpreter - Enrique Malaca Expeditions: Trinidad, San Antonio, Victoria, Santiago, Concepcion FIRST BLOOD COMPACT IN PHIL - MAGELLAN & COLAMBO. FIRST BLOOD COMPACT IN BOHOL - SIKATUNA & LEGASPI MARCH 31 , 1521 FIRST MASS IN LIMASAWA FR . VALDERAMA APRIL 7th , 1521 - Cebu( TO BAPTIZED BY JUMABON ) 14th - ( to plant the cross ) TO BAPTIZE JUMABON WIFE 21th - Battle of Mactan 27th - Magellan died