AP Quiz Bee High-Yield Review Flashcards

High-yield vocabulary flashcards covering key Philippine history topics, including the Katipunan, major national heroes, the Commonwealth era, World War II, Magellan's expedition, and presidential history.

Katipunan (KKK)

Full name: Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan; a secret revolutionary society founded on July 7, 1892, in Tondo, Manila, with the goal of separating the Philippines from Spain through armed revolution.

Andres Bonifacio

The founder and first Supremo of the Katipunan, known as the 'Ama ng Katipunan' (Father of the Katipunan), who wrote under the pseudonym 'Agapito Bagumbayan'.

Katipon

The first and lowest tier of membership in the Katipunan, identified by wearing a yellow sash.

Kawal

The second tier of membership in the Katipunan, identified by wearing a green sash.

Bayani

The third and highest tier of membership in the Katipunan, identified by wearing a red sash.

Kalayaan

The official newspaper of the Katipunan, first published in January 1896 in Yokohama, Japan, to evade Spanish censorship.

Emilio Jacinto

Known as the 'Utak ng Katipunan' (Brain of the Katipunan); author of the Kartilya ng Katipunan and writer for Kalayaan under the pen name 'Dimasilaw'.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

The primary code of conduct and moral principles of the Katipunan written by Emilio Jacinto.

Tejeros Convention

A convention held on March 22, 1897, in Cavite to establish a revolutionary government, resulting in Emilio Aguinaldo being elected President instead of Andres Bonifacio.

Gregoria de Jesus

The wife of Andres Bonifacio and custodian of Katipunan documents, known as the 'Lakambini ng Katipunan'.

Apolinario Mabini

Known as the 'Utak ng Rebolusyon' (Brain of the Revolution); a paralyzed advisor to Emilio Aguinaldo who wrote 'El Verdadero Decálogo' and 'La Revolución Filipina'.

Melchora Aquino

Known as 'Tandang Sora' or the 'Ina ng Katipunan' (Mother of the Katipunan) for providing shelter and medical care to Katipuneros.

Tydings-McDuffie Act

A 1934 law passed by the U.S. Congress that established the Commonwealth of the Philippines and a 10-year transition period toward full independence.

Manuel L. Quezon

The first President of the Philippine Commonwealth who declared a Tagalog-based national language in 1937 and established Quezon City as the capital in 1939.

Jose P. Laurel

The President of the Second Philippine Republic (1943–1945), a Japanese-sponsored puppet government during World War II.

Bataan Death March

The forced transfer of captured Allied troops in April 1942, covering over 100 kilometers from Mariveles, Bataan to Camp O'Donnell in Capas, Tarlac.

KALIBAPI

Kapisanan sa Paglilingkod sa Bagong Pilipinas; the sole authorized political party in the Philippines during the Japanese occupation.

Hukbalahap

Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa Hapon; an anti-Japanese guerrilla army formed during WWII, led by Luis Taruc.

Ferdinand Magellan

A Portuguese explorer serving Spain whose expedition reached the Philippines in March 1521 and was killed in the Battle of Mactan on April 27, 1521.

Limasawa Island

The officially recognized site of the first Catholic Mass in the Philippines, celebrated on March 31, 1521.

Juan Sebastian Elcano

The Spanish navigator who assumed command of Magellan's expedition after his death, completing the first global circumnavigation on the ship Victoria in 1522.

Antonio Pigafetta

An Italian scholar and chronicler who accompanied Magellan's expedition and wrote its primary historical record.

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi

The Spanish conqueror who initiated the actual colonization of the Philippines in Cebu in 1565.

Treaty of Paris (1898)

The peace treaty signed on December 10, 1898, wherein Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States for $20 million.

Diosdado Macapagal

The 9th President of the Philippines who changed the date of Philippine Independence Day from July 4 to June 12 in 1962.

Bell Trade Act

A 1946 legislative act that established Parity Rights, allowing equal economic access for U.S. citizens to Philippine natural resources.