Chemistry Unit 3 Electron Configuration

Electron Configuration Pre-IB Chemistry

What does the color of light that is given off by an element tell scientists?

Details about their atomic structure

What type of energy is Electromagnetic Radiation?

Radiant Energy

What are four characteristics of Electromagnetic energy?

can travel through empty space, doesn’t require a medium, moves through vacuums at the speed of light, has wavelike characteristics

What is Wavelength?

The distance between 2 consecutive peaks/troughs of a wave

What is Frequency?

The number of wave cycles per second that pass a given point

What are the highest parts of a wave called?

Crests

What are the lowest parts of a wave called?

Troughs

What is the relationship between Wavelength and Frequency?

They are inversely proportional

List all 7 types of electromagnetic radiation in order from highest energy to lowest energy.

Gamma Rays, X-Rays, Ultra Violet Rays, Visible Light, Infrared, Microwaves, Radio Waves

List the colors of visible light from highest to lowest energy.

Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red

What happens to wavelength as you go left on the electromagnetic spectrum?

It gets shorter

What happens to frequency as you go left on the electromagnetic spectrum?

It gets higher

What happens to energy as you go left on the electromagnetic spectrum?

It gets higher

What is the Continuous Light Spectrum?

Every value of visible light blending together without any gaps

What is the Emission Line Spectrum?

Only specific, discrete lines of color on a black background

What is the source of Spectral Lines?

When electrons move from a higher energy level back down to a lower energy level, releasing photons

What is a Photon?

A packet/quantum of light that electrons release

What are three specific things that a photon has?

Energy, frequency, wavelength

What is the relationship between the color of light to energy levels?

The higher the difference is between two energy levels, the closer to violet the light will be. The lower the difference between two energy levels, the closer to red the light will be.

What is the Quantum Mechanical Model?

A model that predicts electrons locations as probabilities in orbitals

What are orbitals?

Three dimensional areas where electrons are likely found in an atom

What is the difference between orbits and orbitals?

Orbits are 2D, Orbitals are 3D

What do Electron Configurations describe?

The way electrons are arranged in energy levels, sublevels, and orbitals around the nucleus

How can Principal Energy Levels be found on the periodic table?

Period Numbers

How can Sublevels be found on the periodic table?

The four table blocks

What do sublevels contain?

Orbitals

How can the amount of Orbitals per Sublevel be found on the periodic table?

Dividing the number of groups per sublevel by 2

What is the maximum number of electrons per orbital?

2

How many orbitals does the S-Sublevel contain?

1 orbital

How many orbitals does the P-Sublevel contain?

3 orbitals

How many orbitals does the D-Sublevel contain?

5 orbitals

How many orbitals does the F-Sublevel contain?

7 orbitals

What do the two arrows drawn inside an orbital mean?

Two different spin directions

How do you write one part of an electron configuration?

Principal Energy Level + Name of Sublevel + Superscript using the # of Electrons

What is the Aufbau Principle?

Electrons will always fill the lowest energy orbitals first

What is Hund’s Principle?

To write an electron configuration, first, only one electron is placed in each orbital until all are filled. Only then can there be a second electron of an opposite spin added to each orbital.