History Honors test

Proclamation of 1763

British law that stopped colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains, angering colonists.

Boston Massacre

British soldiers killed five colonists in 1770, increasing anti-British feelings.

Thomas Paine

Writer of Common Sense who convinced colonists to support independence.

Battle of Lexington and Concord

First battles of the American Revolution that started the war in 1775.

James Madison

Founding Father who helped write the Constitution and Bill of Rights.

Federalists

People who supported the Constitution and a stronger national government.

Battle of Trenton

American victory in 1776 that boosted Patriot morale.

Benjamin Franklin

Founding Father who helped gain French support for the American Revolution.

Anti-Federalists

People who opposed the Constitution and wanted stronger protections for individual rights.

Battle of Saratoga

Major American victory that convinced France to support the Americans.

Alexander Hamilton

Founding Father who supported a strong national government and helped create the U.S. financial system.

Guerrilla warfare

Fighting using surprise attacks and quick retreats to weaken the enemy.

Battle of Yorktown

American and French victory in 1781 that ended major fighting in the Revolution.

Thomas Jefferson

Founding Father who wrote most of the Declaration of Independence.

George Washington

Commander of the Continental Army who led America to victory and became the first president.

Great Compromise

Agreement that created a two-house Congress with the House based on population and the Senate with equal representation.

Seven Years’ War outcome/effects

Britain won, gained land, but was left in debt and began taxing the colonies.

Stamp Act

A tax on printed materials that caused protests and boycotts by colonists.

John Locke’s ideas

His ideas about natural rights and government by consent inspired colonists to fight for independence.

Natural rights

Rights all people are born with, such as life, liberty, and property.

Minority groups’ contribution

Women, African Americans, and Native Americans helped through fighting, working, and providing supplies.

Slavery and the Revolution

The Revolution led to some enslaved people gaining freedom, but slavery continued in much of the country.

Articles of Confederation

The first U.S. government created a weak national government that struggled with taxes, money, and enforcing laws.

Three branches

Legislative makes laws, executive enforces laws, and judicial interprets laws.

Three compromises

Great Compromise created two houses of Congress, Three-Fifths Compromise counted enslaved people as three-fifths for representation, and Commerce Compromise limited trade restrictions on slavery.

Constitution ratified

Nine of the thirteen states had to approve it for the Constitution to take effect.

Federalist Papers

Essays written to convince people to support and ratify the Constitution.

Bill of Rights

It was added to protect individual rights and address Anti-Federalist concerns.

First Amendment

It protects freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition.