Life Expectancy and Antibiotic Resistance

These flashcards cover key terms related to life expectancy, antibiotic resistance, and related medical concepts as discussed in the lecture.

Life Expectancy

The average lifespan of a population, considering factors such as mortality rates.

Antibiotic Resistance

The ability of bacteria to survive and grow despite the presence of antibiotics.

HAI

Hospital Acquired Infection, often caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

C. Diff

Clostridium difficile, a bacterium causing severe diarrhea and more serious intestinal conditions.

Fecal Microbiome Transfer (FMT)

A procedure that involves transplanting fecal matter from a healthy donor to restore gut flora.

Probiotics

Live microorganisms intended to provide health benefits when consumed.

Isoniazid

An antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis that requires metabolic activation.

Gram Positive

Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan cell wall that retains crystal violet stain.

Gram Negative

Bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan wall and an outer membrane that does not retain crystal violet.

Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) TB

Tuberculosis bacteria that are resistant to at least two of the most potent anti-TB drugs.

Peptidoglycan Layer

A polymer that forms the cell wall of many bacteria, giving them structural integrity.

Tuberculosis (TB)

A contagious infection caused by bacteria that primarily affects the lungs.

Mutations

Changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to variations in traits.