Medical Assisting - Pharmacology Unit 3

Epinephrine

Generic Name: Epinephrine

Classification: Sympathomimetic (Adrenergic agonist)

Dosage: Varies, often injected in emergencies

Mechanism of Action: Increases heart rate, dilates airways

Side Effects: Anxiety, restlessness, palpitations

Drug Interactions: Beta blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, certain heart medications

Special Considerations: Monitor heart rate

Pilocarpine Ophthalmic Drops

Generic Name: Pilocarpine

Classification: Miotic (Parasympathomimetic)

Dosage: Drops are usually used 1-4 times daily

Mechanism of Action: Contraction of the ciliary muscle (lowers intraocular pressure)

Side Effects: Blurred vision, nearsightedness

Drug Interactions: Anticholinergic drugs

Special Considerations: Use caution when driving at night

Scopolamine

Generic Name: Scopolamine

Classification: Anticholinergic

Dosage: Transdermal patch every 72 hours

Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of acetylcholine (prevents motion sickness)

Side Effects: Dry mouth, blurred vision, dizziness

Drug Interactions: Other anticholinergic drugs, sedatives

Special Considerations: Avoid alcohol

Propranolol

Generic Name: Propranolol

Classification: Beta blocker

Dosage: Depends on condition

Mechanism of Action: Blocks effects of adrenaline (lowers blood pressure)

Side Effects: Fatigue, cold hands/feet, slowed heart rate

Drug Interactions: Other heart medications, certain antidepressants, calcium channel blockers

Special Considerations: Monitor blood pressure and heart rate

Atropine

Generic Name: Atropine

Classification: Anticholinergic

Dosage: Varies depending on use

Mechanism of Action: Blocks action of acetylcholine (increases heart rate)

Side Effects: Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation

Drug Interactions: Other anticholinergic drugs, certain heart medications

Special Considerations: Avoid overheating