1 - Planes, Tissue, Muscle, Lymph

sagittal plane

transverse plane

frontal plane

anatomical position

what is this position called

flexion, extension

what movements are these

abduction, adduction

what movements are these

circumduction

what movement is this

protraction, retraction

what movements are these

protrusion, retrustion

what movements are these & what parts of the body perform them?

elevation, depression

what movements are these

opposition, reposition

what movements are these

dorsiflexion, plantar flexion

what movements are these

inversion, eversion

what movements are these

lateral/side bending

what movements are these

internal and external rotation

what movements are these

ipsilateral, contralateral, unilateral, bilateral

___ - same side

___ - opposite side

___ - one side

____ - both sides

proximal & distal

what terms do we use for the trunk vs. the limbs?

superficial

nearer to the surface

the muscles of the arm are ____ to the bone

intermediate

between a superficial & a deep structure

the biceps muscle is ____ between the skin and the humerus

deep

farther from the surface

the humerus is ___ to the arm muscles

medial

nearer to median plane

the 5th digit is on the ___ side of the hand

lateral

farther from the medial plane

the 1st digit is on the ___ side of the hand

posterior/dorsal

nearer to the back

the heel is ___ to the toes

inferior/caudal

nearer to the feet

the stomach is ___ to the heart

anterior/ventral

nearer to the front

the toes are ___ to the ankle

distal

farther from the trunk or origin

the wrist is ____ to the elbow,

superior/cranial

nearer to head

the heart is ___ to the stomach

palmar, dorsal

anterior hand

posterior hand

plantar, dorsal

inferior foot surface (sole)

superior foot surface (dorsum)

pronation, supination

what are these movements?

horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction

what are these movements

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

what are the 4 types of basic tissues?

collection of tissues that perform a function

what is an organ?

a group of organs that work together to perform a function

what is a system?

protective barrier, connect things within the body

what are the functions of epithelial and connective tissues respectively?

connective tissue

bone, blood, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, and joint capsules are examples of...

subcutaneous tissue/superficial fascia

where do vascular & lymph systems reside in the skin?

arrector pilli m.

what muscle activates goose bumps?

Subcutaneous tissue/deep fascia

other terms for the fat under the skin are...

it helps muscles move independently with little friction

why do we care about deep fascia?

epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue (can also cut into muscle)

1st degree burns penetrate the ___

2nd degree burns penetrate the ____

3rd degree burns penetrate the ____

deep fascia

___ ___ attaches to periosteum covering bone and compartmentalizes functional groups of muscles

superficial fascia

muscles of facial expression & breast tissues are located within ____ ____

skin ligament

figure B in picture

small fibrous bands

through SQ tissue to dermis to deep fascia

axial skeleton, cranium, vertebral column, sacrum, coccyx, ribs, sternum

identify

what bones comprise it

appendicular skeleton

identify

what bones comprise it

synovial joints

moveable

articular carilage on bone

fibrous joint capsule

synovial fluid for lubrication

solid joints

limited mobility

fibrous

cartilaginous

fibrous

Class of Joint

- united by collagen fibers

- types: suture, syndesmosis, gomphosis

^ immobile, slightly mobile, immobile

cartilaginous

class of joint

- bone ends united by cartilage

- types: synchondrosis, symphysis

^ immobile, slightly mobile

synovial

class of joint

- bone ends covered w/ articular cartilage

- enclosed in a capsule lined with ____ membrane

- types: plane, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball & socket

^ freely movable, depending on joint design

pivot joint

identify this synovial joint

ball & socket

identify this synovial joint

condyloid joint

identify this synovial joint

saddle joint

identify this synovial joint

hinge joint

identify this synovial joint

plane joint

identify this synovial joint

proximal attachment, distal attachment

____ : origin, often remains fixed

____: insertion, often moveable

true

T/F: some muscles can act in both directions, as both a proximal & distal attachment

posterior, anterior, sternum

the LA is ____ while the right side of the heart is ____

the RV is under the ___

blood enters the SVC to the RA, flows to the RV, passes through the PA to the lungs, from the lungs enter the pulmonary veins, flows to the LA then the LV, then flows through the AO to become systemic blood

describe the flow of blood through the heart

arteries, veins

____ are away from the heart while _____ are towards the heart

oxygenated, deoxygenated, deoxygenated, oxygenated

what blood resides in the brachail a.?

what blood resides in femoral vv.?

what blood is carried in pulmonary aa.?

what blood is carried in pulmonary vv.?

lymph

___ is plasm until in crosses from capillary to intersitium

it circulates in the lymphatic system

lymph capillaries

in interstitium, plasma is picked up by ___ ____

immune cells

lymph carries ___ ____

R upper trunk, R UE, R head & neck

the R lymphatic duct drains most of the R upper quadrant including...

while the L does the rest

R subclavian v., L subclavian v.

the R lymphatic duct enters into the ______ while the L subclavian duct enters into the _____