Unit 1: The Nature and Variety of Living Organisms

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14 Terms

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8 Life Processes

  • Movement

  • Respiration

  • Sensitivity

  • Control

  • Growth

  • Reproduction

  • Excretion

  • Nutrition

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Movement

An action caused by an organism causing a change in place or position.

  • Animals: locomotion

  • for food and water

  • to move away from predators

  • Plants: change their orientation

    • positive phototrophism

    • positive geotrophism

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Respiration

Chemical reaction carried out by all living organisms to release energy.

  • Aerobic (with oxygen)

  • Anerobic (without oxygen)

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Sensitivity

The ability to respond/react to stimuli in the surroundings

  • Animals: nervous system, endocrine system

  • Plants: phototropism, geotropism

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Homeostasis

Controlling internal environments to keep conditions within required limits

Humans:

  • Thermoregulation

  • Osmoregulation

  • Glucoregulation

Plants:

  • Transpiration: to maintain suitable temperature

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Growth

A permanent increase in size by changing the mass or number of cells

  • Animals: grows larger between the zygote and adult stage with change in proportion or shape

  • Plants: grows larger throughout its life with new shoots, leaves, branches, etc. forming each year

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Reproduction

Process that leads to the production of more of the same kind or organism

Types:

  • Asexual

  • Sexual

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Excretion

Removal of toxic waste products in excess of requirements

  • Animals

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