On the Roof of the World – Northern Mountains of India

35 question-and-answer flashcards covering the geography, geology, climate, and regional characteristics of India’s Northern Mountain Region.

What are the 5 big types of land in India?

Northern, Plain, Plateau, Desert, Coasts-Islands

Which part has Trans-Himalayas, and other big mountains?

Northern

Where do many big mountains start, called the 'Roof of the World'?

Pamir Knot

How long and wide are the northern mountains?

2400 km long, 150-400 km wide

What are the 3 main parts of the northern mountains?

Trans, Himalayas, Eastern

What's another name for the Tibetan Himalayas?

Trans-Himalayas

How high are the Trans-Himalayas usually?

About 3000$$m

Which mountain range links the Himalayas to the Pamir Knot?

Karakoram

What are the three mountain ranges south of the Trans-Himalayas?

Himadri, Himachal, Shiwalik

What are the other names for Himadri, Himachal, and Shiwalik?

Greater/Inner, Lesser, Outer Himalayas

How high is Himadri?

About 6100$$m

How did the Himalayas get formed?

Folding plates

When did the Indian land part start moving north?

150-160$$ million years ago

What kind of place where land parts meet makes fold mountains?

Collision

What is a deep valley with steep sides called? Name some rivers that make them.

Gorge; Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra

What are the 3 areas of the Himalayas based on rivers?

Western, Central, Eastern

Which two rivers divide the Western and Central Himalayas?

Indus, Kali

Name four important mountain ranges in Kashmir.

Karakoram, Zaskar, Ladakh, Pir Panjal

Where is Mount K2 and how tall is it?

Karakoram; 8611$$m

Why do Himalayan rivers have water all year round?

Rain, melting snow

What is called the highest battlefield in the world?

Siachen Glacier

Which pass connects Jammu to Kashmir Valley?

Banihal Pass

What are 'margs' and name two examples?

Summer meadows; Sonmarg, Gulmarg

What is it called when shepherds move with their animals in the Himalayas?

Seasonal migration

What are 'duns' and name a famous one?

Flat valleys; Dehradun

Which passes connect Himachal Pradesh to Ladakh, and Kulu Valley to Lahul-Spiti?

Baralacha La, Rohtang

Name two places called 'bugyals' popular for winter fun?

Dayara, Gorson

What are the names for the western and eastern parts of the Uttarakhand Himalaya?

Gadwal, Kumaon

From which glaciers do the Ganga and Yamuna rivers start?

Gangotri, Yamunotri

Which part of the Himalayas has Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga?

Central (Nepal)

Why is Darjeeling tea so famous around the world?

Good climate for tea

What is the highest mountain in the Eastern Himalayas?

Namcha Barwa

What are the Purvachal Hills

Low hills; Patkaibum, Naga