Muscle Innervations and Blood Supply

Trapezius

Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

Blood supply: Superficial branch of transverse cervical vessels

Latissimus Dorsi

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Blood supply: thoracodorsal artery

Levator Scapulae

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve + C3 and C4 ventral primary rami (VPRs)

Blood supply: dorsal scapular artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery

(shares with rhomboids)

Rhomboid Major and Minor

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve

Blood supply: Dorsal scapular artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery

(shares with levator scapulae)

Serratus Posterior Superior

Innervation: ventral primary rami (VPR) T2-T5

Blood supply: intercostal artery (shares with serratus posterior inferior)

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Innervation: ventral primary rami T9-T12

Blood supply: intercostal artery (shares with serratus posterior superior)

Spinotransversales group of muscles- splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

Innervation: Dorsal primary rami of middle and lower cervical spinal nerves

Erector spinae group- spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Innervation: dorsal primary rami

Transversospinales group- semispinalis capitis and cervicis, multifidus, and rotatores

Innervation: dorsal primary rami, best developed in cervical region

Suboccipital triangle group- rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior and superior

also includes rectus capitis posterior minor

Innervation: suboccipital nerve (C1 DPR)