Muscle Innervations and Blood Supply

Trapezius

Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)

Blood supply: Superficial branch of transverse cervical vessels

Latissimus Dorsi

Innervation: thoracodorsal nerve

Blood supply: thoracodorsal artery

Levator Scapulae

Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve + C3 and C4 ventral primary rami (VPRs)

Blood supply: dorsal scapular artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery

(shares with rhomboids)

Rhomboid Major and Minor

Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

Blood supply: Dorsal scapular artery or deep branch of transverse cervical artery

(shares with levator scapulae)

Serratus Posterior Superior

Innervation: ventral primary rami (VPR) T2-T5

Blood supply: intercostal artery (shares with serratus posterior inferior)

Serratus Posterior Inferior

Innervation: ventral primary rami T9-T12

Blood supply: intercostal artery (shares with serratus posterior superior)

Spinotransversales group of muscles- splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

Innervation: Dorsal primary rami of middle and lower cervical spinal nerves

Erector spinae group- spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

Innervation: dorsal primary rami

Transversospinales group- semispinalis capitis and cervicis, multifidus, and rotatores

Innervation: dorsal primary rami, best developed in cervical region

Suboccipital triangle group- rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis inferior and superior

also includes rectus capitis posterior minor

Innervation: suboccipital nerve (C1 DPR) BS: vertebral artery

Pectoralis Major

Innervation- medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1), lateral pectoral nerve (C5-C7)

Pectoralis Minor

Innervation: medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)

Subclavius

Innervation: nerve to subclavius (upper trunk of brachial plexus, C5/C6)

Serratus Anterior

Innervation: long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

Teres Major

Innervation: lower/inferior subscapular nerve (C5-C6)

Deltoid

Innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Supraspinatus (part of rotator cuff group)

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Blood supply: suprascapular artery

Infraspinatus (rotator cuff group)

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5-C6)

Blood supply: suprascapular artery

Teres Minor (rotator cuff group)

Innervation: axillary nerve (C5-C6)

Blood supply: circumflex scapular artery

Subscapularis

Innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C6)

Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Corcaobrachialis

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)

Triceps Brachii

Innervation: radial nerve (C5-C6)

Blood supply: deep brachial artery

Pronator Teres, Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus (1st layer) + Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle (2nd layer)

Innervation: median nerve (C5-C8)

Flexor carpi ulnaris (1st layer)

Innervation: ulnar nerve (C8-T1)

Flexor digitorum profundus (3rd layer)

Innervation: medial 2 tendons: ulnar nerve (C8-T1), lateral 2 tendons: anterior interosseous nerve

Flexor pollicis longus (3rd layer) + Pronator quadratus (4th layer)

Innervation: anterior interosseous nerve

Abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis, 2 lateral lumbricals Innervation

Innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve

Anterior Hand muscles except thenar compartment and 2 lateral lumbricals Innervation

Innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve

Brachioradialis, Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL), Anconeus) Innervation (3 muscles)

Innervation: main trunk of radial nerve

Extensor Carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), supinator Innervation (2 muscles)

Innervation: deep branch of radial nerve

Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis (7 muscles)

Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve