Chapter 13 Chem-1000

The Life Cycle of Manufactured prodcuts

Raw materials are harvested, they make their way to a factory, that thing travels to a store, you take it home, use it, and discard it. Lastly, it is incinerated.

Life cycle assessment

An assessment of all the energy and materials that go into making a product and disposing of it.

Life cycle assement for plastic cups.

A plastic cup is made from oil. Oil that is extracted from Earth is made into plastic and the plastic is made into cups. The cups are distributed to warehouses and then to stores where consumers buy them. In these steps, energy is consumed and waste is produced. The used cups has one of three fates, inceration, a land fill, or recycling.

Sulfur oxides (SOx)

contribute to acid rain and are made from the burning of coal

Nitrogen oxides (NOx)

contribute to acid rain and are made from teh burning of fossil fuels

CO2

is made from the burning of fossil fuels and contributes to global warming and climate change

Methane

comes from agricultural activity and is involved in global warming and climate change

cradle to cradle approach

A produce made of a material that can be reused in a different product at the end of the originals product’s lifetime.

monomers

small ORGANIC molecules

polymer

a chain of monomers

Plastic

a polymeric organic material that can be shaped

Polyisoprene

The primary component of natural rubber and is used to make chewing gum. Highly nonpolar

What makes polymers flexible

Carbon-Carbon single bonds as a backbone.

Benzene ring + Aminde group + Cross linking between strands

rigid polymer

A crystallite

Any highly ordered, crystalline region in a polymer. Makes it more rigid.

thermoplastic polymers

A polymer that can be melted and reshaped to make a new product. These polymers are recyclable

Thermosetting polymers

Polymers that do not change shape when heated.

resin ID code

A number that classifies plastics according to their recyclability.

Recycling steps

Separation, Flaking, washing and sterilization, pure recycled pellets.

Volatile Organic Compounds

An organic compound that easily enters the gas phase.

When plastics are recycled

They are heated but not broken down into monomers

When an organic molecule contains heteroatoms..

It can be attacked by a polar molecule such as water.

nonpolar plastics are

inert

polar plastics

are vulnerable to degradation.

Bakelite is a

Thermosetting plastic, which makes it hard to reuse

Polymethylcrylate

is used to make superglue. It is not very rigid due to its structure making it difficult for it to arrange into a crystalite structure.

The average american uses

200 plastic water bottles