Flame Tests

what are flame test for

to identify metal ions in substances

explain flame test practical

-light a bunsen burner to a blue flame

-pick up a small sample of the test substance using a wire loop

- hold the sample in the edge of flame and observe colour

flame colour of li+

red

flame colour na+ (sodium)

yellow

flame colour of ca2+ (calcium)

orange-red

flame colour of cu2+ (copper)

blue-green

how is the wire loop cleaned

in hydrochloric acid to remove metal

what is the soloution to test metal ions

sodium hydroxide

what colour does (fe2+) go in sodium hydroxide

green precipitate

what colour does (fe3+) iron go in sodium hydroxide

brown precipitate

what colour does cu2+ (copper) go in sodium hydroxide

blue precipitate

what colour does ca2+ calcium go in sodium hydroxide

white precipitate

what colour does al3+ ( aluminium) go i sodium hydroxide

white precipitate ten disappears in excess

what is the test for ammonia

ammonia changed red litmus paper to blue

what is the soloutions used to test for negative ions

nitric acid then silver nitrate

what colour does chlorine go in the test in silver nitrate

white

what colour does potassium go in a flame test

lilac