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Protein
Good sources of these are fish,meat, beans, soy products, and cheese
Water
Without this, a person can only live a few days
Fats
These help the body store energy
These add flavor to food and help to absorb certain vitamins
fats
They are essential for tissue growht and repair
proteins
examples of these are butter, oil and salad dressing
fats
the body cannot produce most of these
minerals
These provide fiber
carbohydrates
example of these include bread, cereal, and potatoes
carbohydrates
This is the most essential nutrient for life
water
These can be classified as monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated
fats
Through perspiration, this helps to maintain body temperature
water
these can be fat-soluble or water-soluble
vitamins
one half to two-thirds of body weight is this
water
iron and calcium are examples of these
minerals
MyPlate's guidelines state that half of a person's plate should be made up of
grains and protein
Out of the following choices,which color of vegetables has the best nutritional content?
dark green
Most of a person's fruit choices should be
whole or cut-up fruit
What kinds of grains are best to consume?
whole grains
Which of the following is considered a plant-based protein?
Beans
wheat, rice, oats, cornmeal and barley are examples of which food group
grains
Most dairy group choices should be
low-fat
which of the following foods is considered high in sodium?
pickle
Low-fat/low-cholesterol diet
people at risk for heart attacks and heart disease may be placed on this diet. This diet permits skim milk, low-fat cottage cheese, fish, and white meat of turkey and chicken.
Vegetarian diet
Health reasons, a dislike of meat, a compassion for animals, or a belief in non-violence may lead a person to this diet
Low-protein diet
People who have kidney disease may also be on this diet, which encourages foods like breads and pasta
Soft diet and mechanical soft diet
this diet consists of soft or chopped foods that are easy to chew. Foods that are hard to chew and swallow, such as raw vegetables, will be restricted.
Pureed diet
the food used in this diet has been ground into a thick paste of baby-food consistency
Low-sodium diet
salt is restricted in this diet
Fluid-restricted diet
to prevent further heart or kidney damage, doctors may restrict fluid intake on this diet
Modified calorie diet
this diet is used for losing weight or preventing weight gain
Liquid diet
this diet consists of foods that are in a liquid state at body temperature and is usually ordered as clear or full.
Diabetic diet
Carb counting may be part of this diet, as the amount of carbohydrates eaten must be carefully regulated
fluid overload occurs when the body is unable to
handle the amount of fluid consumed
the sense of thirst lessen as
a person ages
people can become dehydrated by
vomiting too much
a symptom of fluid overload is
edema of the extremities
In order to prevent dehydration,
a nursing assistant should offer fresh fluids to residents often
a symptom of dehydration is
dark urine
The NA should make sure that
the water pitcher and cup are light enough for the resident to lift
Encourage residents to
eat
Give_______before and after meals
oral care
Honor residents'________ likes and dislikes
food
Offer different kinds of foods and_______
beverages
Allow enough________ for residents to finish eating
time
Tell the nurse if residents have trouble using
utensils
Position resident sitting_______for eating
upright
Of resident has had a loss of _________ ask about it
appetite and/or seems sad
Record meal/snack
intake
should be washed before residents eat
hands
proper position for eating that helps prevent swallowing problems
upright
something that has a positive effect on eating and helps prevent loneliness and boredom
socializing
Use of eyeglasses, hearing aids, and these should be encouraged
dentures
devices that can help residents with eating
assistive
noise level should be kept_______when residents are eating
low
It is important for NAs to identify each resident
before serving meal trays
The resident's mouth should be empty
before the NA offers another bite of food
Residents should be sitting upright at a
90 degree angle for eating
Alternating cold and hot foods or bland foods and sweets can
help increase appetite
Nectar Thick
thick juice, can be put in a cup
Honey Thick
as thick as honey, needs a spoon to consume
Pudding Thick
semi-solid, the spoon stands up
Redness or drainage around the opening
should be reported
NAs should give careful skin care for residents who
must remain in bed for long periods to help prevent pressure ulcers
It is important for the NA to wash his hands before assisting in any way
with a tube feeding
Use _______devices such as utensils with built-up handle grips, plate guards, and drinking cups when necessary
assistive
For visually-impaired residents, use the face of an imaginary_______ to explain the position of what is in front of them.
clock
For residents who have had a stroke, place food in the unaffected,or ______side of the mouth
stronger
Residents with Parkinson's disease may need help if _________or shaking make it difficult for them to eat
tremors
The hand-over-hand approach is an example of a physical______that can help promote independence.
cue
Verbal cues must be short and _______ and prompt the resident to do something.
clear
If a resident has poor sitting balance, seat him in a regular dining room chair with armrests, rather than in a ______
wheelchair
Put the resident int he proper position in the chair, which means hips are at a ________ degree angle, knees are flexed, and feet and arms are fully supported.
90
If the resident bites down on utensils, ask him to ______his mouth
open
If the resident pockets food in his cheeks, ask him to chew and_______the food
swallow