Understanding Federalism in Canada

Flashcards summarizing key concepts regarding federalism in Canada.

Federalism

A system of government where power is shared between one national (federal) government and smaller regional governments.

Goal of Federalism

To keep Canada united while allowing parties to make their own decisions on local matters.

Dual Federalism

Federal & Provincial Governments operate independently in their respective areas.

Executive Federalism

Intergovernmental negotiations between leaders only, where the Prime Minister and top officials make decisions without involving the public or legislatures.

Asymmetrical Federalism

A federal system where some provinces, like Quebec, have unique powers that other provinces do not, notably in immigration and language laws.

Fiscal Federalism

How money and financial responsibilities are shared between federal and provincial governments.

Cooperative Federalism

Federal and Provincial governments collaborate on shared issues, such as healthcare and infrastructure.

Reasons Canada Chose Federalism

Defense concerns, economic reasons, political instability, geographic reasons, colonial history, and diversity.

BNA Act

The 1867 act that created Canada's federal system, serving as a compromise between various political interests.

Division of Federalism Powers

Powers are divided into federal government (defense, trade, banks) and provincial government (healthcare, education, resources).