BAns TP1

Suggest the shape of Fig. 1.1 if it was obtained at an increased temperature of 50C

• Steeper gradient in the initial increase

• Plateaus at the same concentration gradient but at a higher maximum rate of entry

Explain how the absence of cholesterol contributes to the results shown in Fig. 1.2

1. Explain how the absence of cholesterol contributes to the results shown in Fig. 1.2

• Function of cholesterol: Stabilise membrane when temperature increases as they anchor phospholipids together -> preventing them from moving too far apart

• Effect: 

  • When temperature increases from 0 to 37C, membrane fluidity increases quickly -> phospholipids gain KE and move apart, forming transient pores that allow entry of plasmid DNA

  • Beyond 37C, membrane becomes too fluid -> bacterial cells die

Discuss if use of…is appropriate = thesis AND anti-thesis 

Starch components comparison 

1. Starch components comparison 

• Amylopectin is a branched structure while amylose is an unbranched, helical structure

• Branching results in more points of attachment to enzymes, allowing for its more rapid digestion compared to amylose to release α-glucose

…. Is a competitive inhibitor of RuBisco (NOT RuBp) -> reduce availability of RuBisCo activity site for RuBP (NOT CO2) 

• S: Double the thickness of the bands under T (S is HoD -> only normal 6kb allele) 

• T: Half the thickness of the band under S (S is He, has normal and mutated allele) 

Explain the results shown. 

• S is HoD while T is He

• Restriction digest of normal allele yields a 6kb fragment, while mutant allele yields a 1kb and 5kb fragments due to the presence of an additional restriction site

• Separation of DNA fragments by size forms different bands in gel electrophoresis

1. Essay stuff

• Pyruvate translocase embedded in mito envelope (NOT inner membrane) 

• Electron carriers and ATP synthase embedded in inner mitochondria membrane 

• H+ diffuse down electrochemical gradient