introduction to structural units vocab

anatomy

Shape and structure of an organism's body and the relationship of one body part to another

physiology

Function of each body part and how the functions of various body parts coordinate to form a complete living organism

sagittal plane

Plane that divides body into left and right parts

midsagittal plane

Divides body into equal right and left parts

coronal/frontal plane

vertical plane that divides body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) sections

transverse/cross section

horizontal; divides body into upper and lower parts

anterior/ventral

front or in front of

posterior/dorsal

back or in back of

cephalic

towards the 'head' end

caudal

towards the 'tail' end

superior

above another

inferior

below another

medial

toward the midline

lateral

away from the midline

proximal

towards point of attachment to body or origin

distal

away from point of attachment to body or origin

superficial/external

on or near the surface

deep/internal

deep inside

dorsal cavity

Includes:

-Brain and spinal cord

-Cranial cavity

-Spinal cavity

thoracic cavity

Includes:

-Lungs

abdominopelvic cavity

Includes:

-Abdominal cavity

-Pelvic cavity

orbital cavity

Includes:

-Eyes, eyeball muscles, optic nerves, and lacrimal (tear) ducts

nasal cavity

Includes:

-Parts that form the nose

buccal cavity

Includes:

-Teeth and tongue

epigastric region

- Below sternum

- Upper part of abdominopelvic cavity region

right and left hypochondriac

- Below ribs

- Part of abdominopelvic cavity region

umbilical

- Located around the navel

- Middle of abdominopelvic cavity region

muscle system

Controls movement

digestive system

Controls ingestion

digestive system

Controls digestion

circulatory system

Controls transport

respiratory system

Controls respiration

digestive system

Controls synthesis

digestive system

Assimilation

skeletal system

Controls growth

endocrine system

Controls secretion

urinary system

Controls excretion

nervous system

Controls regulation (sensitivity)

reproductive system

Controls reproduction

metabolism

Functional activities of the cell that result in growth, repair, energy release, use of food, and secretions

-Anabolism

-Catabolism

anabolism

building up

catabolism

breaking down

homeostasis

Ability of the body to regulate its internal environment within narrow limits

-Essential to survival

-Works on a negative feedback system