Key Concepts in Energy and Gas Laws

These flashcards cover key concepts related to energy, gas laws, and the kinetic molecular theory, which are essential for understanding physical science.

What is energy defined as in physics?

Energy is the ability to do work.

What are the two main types of mechanical energy?

Kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE).

What is the Kelvin scale?

An absolute measure of temperature, where absolute zero (0 K) is the point at which all matter stops moving.

What is the freezing point of water in degrees Celsius?

0°C.

What type of energy is absorbed in an endothermic reaction?

Energy is absorbed or 'entering' during endothermic reactions.

According to Gas Laws, how does volume relate to pressure at constant temperature?

Volume is inversely proportional to pressure at constant temperature.

How is vapor pressure related to atmospheric pressure at boiling point?

Liquid vapor pressure equals atmospheric pressure at boiling point.

What does the kinetic molecular theory describe?

It explains the physical properties of matter (solids, liquids, gases) and changes of state.

How is heat of fusion represented in a formula?

Q = mHf, where Q represents energy, m is mass, and Hf is heat of fusion.

What is the relationship between temperature and vapor pressure?

Increasing temperature increases vapor pressure.

What defines an ideal gas?

An ideal gas is a theoretical gas that perfectly follows the ideal gas laws under all conditions.

What does Boyle's Law state?

At constant temperature, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.