ECME 101 - Electricity, Gas turbines & environmental

Current

the rate of flow of charges. This is like fluid flowing through a pipe

Voltage

energy per charge gained or lost. this is your potential energy, like the pressure in a pipe

Power

Rate of electrical energy: production, transmission or consumption. This is like the rated horsepower of a car

Resistance

the opposition to charge flow. Ti is like how corrosion in a pipe can affect the flow of fluid moving in it, slowing it down.

Direct current (DC Systems) 

flow of electrons in one direction, it is used in electronic devices, and typically the power source is batteries. 

Alternating Current (AC Systems)

Flow of electrons as they move back and forth, alternating their direction of flow. Form a sinusoidal wave form as the charge reverses polarity in the positive and negative charges.

Frequency

the number of cycles compleeted in one second

Paralleling

Generators is the act of closing the beaker and aligning the voltage and frequency of the generators that you are brining on the bus to the bus itself.

Transformers

increase or decrease voltage

MSB (Main Switch Board)

main distribution for the electrical grid on a ship

ESB (Emergency Switch Board)

Emergency distribution for the electrical grid on a ship.

EDG

Emergency diesel Generator

Gas Turbine Cycle

Open system, Air Enters, compresses, combust, powers. and exhaust system.

compressor

increases the pressure and amount of air available

Combustor 

Burns fuel using the High-pressure air from compressor 

Power Turbine

Extracts energy from hot high-pressure gases from combustor

Gas generator

The core section of compressor, combustor, turbine

black water

sewage wastes anything from a tiolet

grey water 

showers, sinks, drains, laundry 

Garbage

food waste is ground to less than 25m

Types of MSD tanks 

Type 1, Type 2, Type 3

Type 1 MSD Tank

Small vessel treats minimize impact. Bacterial level not greater than 1,000 per 100mL and no Visible floating solids

Type 2 MSD tank

Large Vessels, tartest to clear clean water discharge overboard. Bacterial level no greater than 200 per 100mL and suspended solids no greater than 150 mg per 1L

Type 3 MSD Tanks

Holding tank, no treatment

Type 2 MSD tank flow cycle 

1.) collect sewage

2.) separate solids and liquids

3.) maceration of solids

4.) bacteria break down solids

5.) separation of bacteria water

6.) chlorinating separated bacteria water

7.) discharged overboard 

ways to deal with ballast water

1.) chlorination, UV light, filtration, biocides, and oxygen depletion

2.) Ballast water zones

Air emissions

Co2, NOx, SOx, CO, HC, PM

Methods to reduce air emissions

1.) burn cleaner fuel, reduction in sulfur content

2.) installation of smokestack scrubbers that remove these from exhaust gasses

3.) installation of Teir 4 marine diesel engines

OWS (oily water separator)

Monitors and cleans Oily water before discharging clean water overboard. maximum allowable discharge is 15ppm

Oil content meter

monitors discharge of the OWS and will direct flow overboard or recirculate back to OWS, if less than 15ppm will direct overboard. this is done by 3-way-valve.