Chapter 2 - Introduction to Imperialism & The Scramble

What is imperialism?

A policy where a nation extends its power and control over foreign territories, often through colonization or military conquest.

What drove European imperialism in the 19th century?

Need for new markets, raw materials, and additional territories for settlement.

What resources did the Industrial Revolution increase demand for?

Rubber, gold, ivory, and minerals.

Why was Africa a prime target for European powers?

It had vast untapped resources and relatively unexplored territories.

What justified European actions in Africa?

The idea of a 'civilizing mission' to bring European culture and institutions.

What was the Scramble for Africa?

Intense competition among European nations to control African territories.

What was the outcome of the Berlin Conference of 1884 to 1885?

European powers divided Africa among themselves for colonization.

What were the economic motives for colonization?

Desire for raw materials and new markets.

How did national rivalry influence the Scramble for Africa?

It intensified competition among European countries for territorial control.

What was the impact of European institutions on African communities?

Introduction of European religions, ways of life, and governance systems.

What were the technological advantages in imperialism?

Guns, steamships, and medical advancements.

How did European powers gain an advantage in colonizing Africa?

Military superiority, Technological advancements, Industrialization

What influenced European ability to control African territories?

Advanced weaponry, Naval power, Strategic tactics

What are examples of technological advantages in colonization?

Maxim gun, Steamships, Telegraph

What role did industrialization play in colonization?

Increased production capacity, Enhanced transportation, Improved communication