The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibres

A collection of flashcards covering key concepts, definitions, and facts related to carbohydrates, their types, digestion, and health effects.

Monosaccharides are __ sugars.

Single sugars.

Common monosaccharides include glucose, __, and galactose.

Fructose

Disaccharides are formed by __ monosaccharides.

Pairs of

A common disaccharide is __, which consists of glucose and fructose.

Sucrose

In carbohydrate digestion, a __ reaction links two monosaccharides together.

Condensation

To break a disaccharide, __ reaction occurs during digestion.

Hydrolysis

Glycogen is the __ form of glucose in the body.

Storage

Cells primarily use carbohydrates to supply __ for energy.

Glucose

The minimum daily carbohydrate needs are approximately __ grams.

50–100

Inadequate insulin leads to __ blood glucose levels.

High

Lactose intolerance is due to a deficiency of the __ enzyme.

Lactase

Added sugars can lead to health problems such as __ and chronic diseases.

Obesity

Canada’s Food Guide recommends that most sugars come from __ and vegetables.

Fruit

The acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) for carbohydrates is __% of total calories.

45–65

Daily recommended intake of fibre is __ grams according to Health Canada.

28

Excessive fibre intake can lead to feeling of __ and nutrient deficiencies.

Fullness

The glycemic index is important because it influences __ levels in the body.

Blood glucose