Final Exam Review on Poverty and Inequality

A set of flashcards reviewing key vocabulary terms and concepts related to poverty and inequality as covered in the course.

Culture of poverty

A contemporary theory that argues that poverty constitutes a separate culture that perpetuates itself.

Structural explanations of poverty

Explanations examining macro-level changes such as deindustrialization and large-scale policy reforms.

Relational theorists

Theorists who recognize that wealth and income imbalance stems from exploitation in relationships between actors.

Human capital

An investment in workers' skills and education that contributes to reducing inequality.

Education

A key factor that enables countries to better deal with globalization and create a skilled workforce.

Opportunity gap

The disparity in educational resources and support between children from different socioeconomic backgrounds.

Cognitive skills

Key individual abilities that can help overcome challenges and contribute to success.

Social structure

The framework that gives or limits opportunities in society.

Class based segregation

The phenomenon where high-income families move to suburbs, leading to educational segregation.

Educational segregation

The division of students into different educational opportunities based on socioeconomic status.

Culture of dependence

A notion that perpetuates inter-generational poverty through belief systems.

Ideal worker norm

A culture that prioritizes long hours and presence in the workplace at the expense of personal well-being.

Implicit biases

Unconscious associations that affect perceptions and behaviors, particularly regarding gender roles.

Homophily

The tendency for individuals to associate with similar others based on various social factors.

Subjectivist approach

An approach that considers social problems based on individual perceptions and experiences.

Objectivist approach

An approach that examines social problems based on measurable and observable conditions.